
| HOME SCHEDULE AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX |
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
| P LIMITATION | P limitation in boreal forests: effects of Al and Fe in the humus layer. P limitation, boreal forest, P sorption, plant availabilty |
| P SORPTION | P limitation in boreal forests: effects of Al and Fe in the humus layer. P limitation, boreal forest, P sorption, plant availabilty |
| PARENTAL CARE | Central place foraging for eating versus feeding the young: Alternative patch-use by parents. Nectarinia osea, PARENTAL CARE, LIFE HISTORY, PROVISIONING |
| PCB 153 | The impact of PCB 153 on male advertisement calling in Rana pipiens. Rana pipiens, behavior, reproduction, PCB 153 |
| PLAI | 147 Downed woody material, projected leaf area index, and satellite index relationships in Chihuahuan Desert vegetation. fuels, satellite, cover, PLAI |
| PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS | Top-down limitation of herbivorous insects in neotropical forest canopies. PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS, HERBIVORY, AVIAN INSECTIVORY |
| PLFA | Effects of CO2 and O3 enrichment on microbial metabolism of 13C-labeled compounds in forest soils. PLFA, O3 , CO2 , soils |
| PLFA | The effect of plant community composition on soil microbial community composition. microbes, plants, PLFA, T-RFLP |
| POLLEN | The influence of Mimulus ringens floral display size on patterns of pollinator visitation. POLLINATOR, MATING SYSTEM, SCROPHULARIACEAE, POLLEN |
| POLLEN | The influence of floral display size on mating patterns in Mimulus ringens. MATING SYSTEM, SCROPHULARIACEAE, SELF-POLLINATION, POLLEN |
| POLLINATOR | The influence of Mimulus ringens floral display size on patterns of pollinator visitation. POLLINATOR, MATING SYSTEM, SCROPHULARIACEAE, POLLEN |
| PRESCRIBED FIRE | 69 Invertebrate responses to the effects of prescribed fire in a mediterranean shrub land of Portugal. ARTHROPOD, PRESCRIBED FIRE, CARABID, MEDITERRANEAN |
| PROVISIONING | Central place foraging for eating versus feeding the young: Alternative patch-use by parents. Nectarinia osea, PARENTAL CARE, LIFE HISTORY, PROVISIONING |
| PVA | Using logistic regression to analyze sensitivity of PVA models: comparing sensitivity methods using African wild dogs. Modeling, PVA, Elasticity, Lycoan pictus |
| PACIFIC | Spread of an invasive plant in pacific estuaries: A quantitative analysis of Spartina alterniflora in Willapa Bay, WA. Spartina alterniflora, Pacific, estuarine, invasions |
| PALEOECOLOGY | 79 Impact of European-American colonization on Horseshoe Lake, Alexander County, Illinois. Taxodium distichum, Horseshoe Lake, Illinois, Paleoecology |
| PALEOECOLOGY | 27 Peatland Development in North-Central Wisconsin. Paleoecology, Central Wisconsin, Peatland, Tsuga |
| PAMLICO SOUND | Ecological effects of the hurricanes of 1999: Spatial and temporal responses of the Pamlico Sound fish community. fish, hurricane, Pamlico Sound, estuary |
| PANAMA | Photosynthetic capacity and associated leaf traits along a precipitation gradient in lowland tropical forest. photosynthesis, rainfall gradient, tropical forest, Panama |
| PANAMA | 33 Effects of rainfall regime on seedlings planted into tropical gap and understory microsites. Panama, seedlings, treefall gaps, soil moisture |
| PARAMETER SENSITIVITY | 2 Parameter sensitivity of a land surface model using Monte Carlo analysis and eddy-covariance measurements at the WLEF-TV tower site, Wisconsin. Land Surface Model, Parameter Sensitivity, Land Surface Fluxes, Wisconsin |
| PARASITE-HOST INTERACTIONS | Quantifying variation in the spatial spread of raccoon rabies. Spatial Ecology, Parasite-Host Interactions, Rabies |
| PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER | Trophic cascades in the detrital web of tropical headwater streams: Effects of omnivorous decapods. Puerto Rico, Decapods, Particulate organic matter, stream ecology |
| PARTNERSHIP | Application of research in South African parks. Partnership, Knowledge management, Institutionalizing, Operationalizing |
| PARTNERSHIPS | 10 Students as researchers: sea turtle research partnerships in Costa Rica. Dermochelys coriacea, Partnerships, Conservation, Education |
| PATAGONIA | Decomposition along a precipitation gradient in Patagonia: species-rainfall interactions. decomposition, Patagonia, precipitation gradient, species characteristics |
| PATCH | 101 Quantification of spatial patterns using geostatistics - a simulation approach . Spatial patterns, Geostatistics, Patch, Simulation |
| PEATLAND | 27 Peatland Development in North-Central Wisconsin. Paleoecology, Central Wisconsin, Peatland, Tsuga |
| PENNSYLVANIA | 115 Do forest canopy gaps enhance the stem diameter growth of adjacent overstory trees? forest stand dynamics, Pennsylvania, red oak - mixed hardwood forest, tree ring width |
| PHORIDAE | Linked interaction modifications in ant - phorid fly interactions: a role in determining ant assemblage structure? indirect effects, competition, Formicidae, Phoridae |
| PHOSPHOROUS | 44 ENSO effects on litter phosphorus dynamics across three edaphic types in wet tropical forests of northeastern Costa Rica. Tropical, Edaphic, Phosphorous, ENSO |
| PHOSPHORUS | Spatio-temporal patterns of available N and P after whole-tree harvest and girdling. Spatio-temporal Patterns, Nitrogen, Phosphorus , Disturbance |
| PHOSPHORUS | 68 The geochemistry of phosphorus in the histosols of a semi-arid ecosystem, Israel. wetland, semi-arid, Phosphorus, Histosols |
| PHOSPHORUS | Stoichiometric equilibration of N and P losses over four million years of tropical forest development. Forested ecosystems, Tropical forests, Nutrient losses, Nitrogen, Phosphorus |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 96 The effect of elevated CO2 on Chamise chaparral photosynthesis using FACE technology. Elevated CO2, Photosynthesis, WUE, Chaparral |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 69 Light and CO2 photosynthetic responses of 4 south American grasses grown under different levels of soil nitrogen availability. Apparent quantum yeild, Nitrogen, Photosynthesis |
| PHRAGMITES | Invasion and impact of Phragmites australis in tidal freshwater marsh ecosystems. Phragmites, invasive, biomass, decomposition |
| PHYSIOLOGY | How climate and vegetation affect animal functional groups . Climate, Energetics, Landscape ecology, Physiology |
| PINE | 157 Seasonal dynamics of photosynthesis under contrasting light regimes for three Mediterranean pine species. Pine, Mediterranean, gas exchange, light acclimation |
| PINUS PALUSTRIS | 141 Longleaf pine gap dynamics on a North Carolina flatwoods site. Pinus palustris, regeneration, North Carolina, fire |
| PISCIVORE STOCKING | Multiple trophic level responses to a planktivore die-off and sustained piscivore stocking in eutrophic Lake Mendota. Lake Mendota, Piscivore stocking, Trophic cascade |
| PLANT GROWTH | Three years of shrub productivity under natural wet and dry cycles at the Nevada Desert FACE Facility. Elevated CO2 , Plant Growth, Mojave Desert, FACE |
| PLANT CHEMICALS | Effects of prey diet, temperature and prey abundance on consumption, weight gain and survival of a lady beetle predator. Plant chemicals, Lady beetles, temperature, prey abundance |
| PLANT MORPHOLOGY | Comparative morphology, demography, and ecophysiology between two populations of Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus ssp. viscidiflorus at two different altitudes in the White Mountains, CA. Altitudinal gradients, Alpine plants, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus ssp. viscidiflorus, Plant morphology |
| PLANT REPRODUCTION | 141 Effects of simulated herbivory and light on growth and reproductive allocation in Dirca palustris L. (Eastern leatherwood, Thymelaeaceae) in selectively managed forests of the Northwoods. Dirca palustris, Herbivory, Resource allocation, Plant reproduction |
| PLANTS | The effects of a light gradient on seedling establishment in an oak savanna restoration. Restoration, Plants, Savanna, Light |
| PLEISTOCENE | Physiological responses of trees from the Rancho La Brea tar pits throughout glacial/inter-glacial cycles. low carbon dioxide, La Brea tar pits, stable carbon isotopes, Pleistocene |
| POACEAE | 6 Competition of Cenchrus ciliaris plants grown in pots. Cenchrus ciliaris, Poaceae, competition, weed |
| POINT-CENTERED-QUARTER | Fixed area plot vs. point-centered-quarter methods in forest community analysis. Fixed-area plots, Point-centered-quarter, Measurement bias, Community structure |
| POLLEN ANALYSIS | The postglacial history of three Picea species in New England, USA. CART, Classification tree, Forest history, Pollen analysis |
| POLLINATION | Effect of Lupinus perennis population size and local density on pollinator behavior. Pollination, Lupinus perennis, Bombus, Density Effects |
| PONDEROSA PINE | 11 Insect population and tree resistance responses to restoration thinning treatments in Ponderosa pine forests. bark beetle, folivores, tree physiology, Ponderosa pine |
| POPULATION DYNAMICS | Incorporating observational error in density dependence population models. State Space Models, Population Dynamics, Bayesian Analysis, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) |
| POPULATION STABILITY | The Stabilizing Role of Prey Defense in a Pelagic Food Web. Population Stability, Antipredator Defense, Daphnia Vulnerability, Energy Flow |
| POPULATION | 123 Demographic variations of a barnacle, Tetraclita japonica, from two islands in Korea. Demography, Barnacle, Intertidal, Population |
| POPULATION DYNAMICS | Fitness and population consequences of a seed dispersal mutualism. Seed dispersal , Invasions, Mutualism, Population dynamics |
| PRAIRIE | A Regional analysis of the effects of grassland fragmentation on nesting success of breeding birds. Fragmentation, Prairie, Birds |
| PRAIRIE | 122 Prairie species diversity along a connectivity gradient. Fragmentation, Restoration, Prairie, Connectivity |
| PREDATION | Interacting color and behavior responses to predation risk and ultraviolet radiation in the salamander species Ambystoma barbouri and Ambystoma texanum. Ambystoma, Predation , Ultraviolet, color |
| PREDATION | Effect of risk of predation on two temporary pool species (Bufo viridis and Culiseta longiareolata). Predation, Bufo viridis, Culiseta longiareolata, Anax imperator |
| PREDATION | Oviposition site selection along a predator gradient. Oviposition, Predation, Habitat selection |
| PREDATOR-PREY | Mixing, noise, predators and prey: Predicting individual based simulations from equations. Spatial , Models, Differential Equations, Predator-Prey |
| PREDICTION | Ecological forecasting: An organizing theme for ecological sciences. Forecasting, CENR, Prediction, Ecosystems |
| PRIMARY PRODUCTION | Functions of submersed vegetation in the Hudson River. Submerged macrophytes, Vallisneria americana, Primary production, Habitat |
| PRODUCTIVITY | Relationships between aspects of biodiversity, biomass, and productivity in the Luquillo Experimental Forest. Biodiversity, Productivity, Biomass, Unimodal |
| PUERTO RICO | Trophic cascades in the detrital web of tropical headwater streams: Effects of omnivorous decapods. Puerto Rico, Decapods, Particulate organic matter, stream ecology |
| PUGET SOUND | Vegetation and soil characteristics of intertidal habitats colonized by Spartina anglicain Padilla Bay, WA, USA. Spartina anglica, invasion, Puget Sound |
| PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE | 114 Ecosystem effects of Lythrum salicaria (Purple loosestrife) invasion in a restored freshwater wetland. Purple loosestrife, Cattail |
| PACKRAT | 74 Synthesizing a mixed assemblage of packrat midden research on the Colorado Plateau. packrat, midden, database, Colorado Plateau |
| PALEOCLIMATE | Biosphere-climate interactions and global palaeoecology. dust, albedo, CO2, paleoclimate |
| PALEOCLIMATE | A high-resolution record of late Holocene surface-moisture changes from a Michigan raised bog. testate amoebae, paleoecology, paleoclimate, Great Lakes |
| PALEOCLIMATE | 81 Holocene vegetation and climate change in Upper Michigan and paleohydrology of the western Great Lakes. paleoecology, paleoclimate, paleohydrology, western Great Lakes |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Holocene paleoenvironments of the southern Arabian highlands reconstructed using fossil hyrax middens. Yemen, paleoecology, Procavia capensis, Hyrax midden |
| PALEOECOLOGY | 81 Holocene vegetation and climate change in Upper Michigan and paleohydrology of the western Great Lakes. paleoecology, paleoclimate, paleohydrology, western Great Lakes |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Diatom life history and interannual variation in diatom community composition. paleoecology, paleolimnology, diatom, varve |
| PALEOECOLOGY | 73 Identifying disturbance signatures in small-hollow sediments: the potential for long-term, high-resolution forest history records. paleoecology, disturbance ecology, sediment records, charcoal |
| PALEOECOLOGY | 80 Effects of sample mass and type on radiocarbon dating of arctic lake sediments. Arctic, paleoecology, radiocarbon dating |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Effects of a rapid expansion of Sphagnum in Hawaiian wet forest ecosystems. Sphagnum, Hawaii, species effects on ecosystems, paleoecology |
| PALEOECOLOGY | The role of extreme dispersal in plant migration: estimation and prediction. migration, dispersal, chloroplast DNA, paleoecology |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Holocene lake-level changes and their relationship to vegetational change at two sites in the Midwest. lake-level change, paleoecology, vegetation response, climatic variability |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Time capsules: dormant eggs that carry histories of grazer-algal interactions in lakes . egg bank, environmental change, paleoecology, zooplankton |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Time will tell: Paleoecology and the hidden impacts of variability on ecosystem experiments. paleoecology, ecosystem, lake, experiment |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Long-term changes in vegetation and fire on Cape Cod, Massachusetts in relation to human impact. paleoecology, human impacts, pitch pine-oak vegetation, Cape Cod |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Long-term perspectives on ecological questions. An Overview. paleoecology, margaret b. davis, long-term ecological change, vegetation dynamics |
| PALEOECOLOGY | 11 Long-term perspectives on environmental variability: An introductory laboratory exercise in wetland paleoecology. paleoecology, education |
| PALEOECOLOGY | Climatic triggers for non-linear and threshold responses of rangelands. paleoecology, rangelands, climate, thresholds |
| PALEOECOLOGY | A high-resolution record of late Holocene surface-moisture changes from a Michigan raised bog. testate amoebae, paleoecology, paleoclimate, Great Lakes |
| PALEOHYDROLOGY | 81 Holocene vegetation and climate change in Upper Michigan and paleohydrology of the western Great Lakes. paleoecology, paleoclimate, paleohydrology, western Great Lakes |
| PALEOLIMNOLOGY | A Diatom and pollen record from Catfish Pond, Illinois. paleolimnology, diatoms, pollen, soil development |
| PALEOLIMNOLOGY | Using subfossil Chironomidae (Diptera) to determine past and present lake conditions in the Northern Niagara Escarpment Region, Ontario, Canada. subfossil chironomids, paleolimnology, shallow lakes, lake management |
| PALEOLIMNOLOGY | Diatom life history and interannual variation in diatom community composition. paleoecology, paleolimnology, diatom, varve |
| PALEOVEGETATION AND PALEOLIMNOLOGY | Can regional landscape evolution be determined by the study of one lake? kettle pond development, Cape Cod National Seashore, recent water quality changes, paleovegetation and paleolimnology |
| PALM COMMUNITY | Long term edge effects on old forest fragments in Coastal Ecuador. edge effects, palm community, light, undergrowth cover |
| PALM ECOLOGY | The effect of topography and microhabitat on the density and population structure of the harvested palm, Chamaedorea radicalis, in northeastern Mexico. non-timber forest product, plant demography, palm ecology, Mexico |
| PALMS | 71 Regeneration in Amazonian floodplain forest. regeneration, floodplains, Amazonia, palms |
| PALUDIFICATION | 26 Development and lateral expansion of forested peatlands in central New England. peatland development, terrestrialization, paludification |
| PALYNOLOGY | 82 A Holocene record of climate change in the Chesapeake Bay. chesapeake bay, holocene, palynology, climate change |
| PANTANAL | Successional development of Cambarazal (Vochysia divergens Pohl)-dominated forests in the northern Pantanal of Brazil. Vochysia divergens, cambarazal, succession, pantanal |
| PAPER BIRCH | 29 Effects of harvest intensity and forest cover type on white spruce and paper birch seed fall and regeneration in northwestern Alberta, Canada . white spruce, paper birch, seed fall, germination |
| PAR INTERCEPTION | Inversion of eddy covariance CO2 flux measurements for the estimation of canopy structure. par interception, canopy structure, co2 flux, inversion |
| PARASITE | Spatial and temporal dynamics of an emerging pathogen in an introduced host: mycoplasmal conjunctivitis in house finches. parasite, ecology, disease |
| PARASITE | Multi-host systems and the role played by parasites in threatening the recovery of conserved species. parasite, host, disease |
| PARASITE | 23 Host plant inbreeding alters interactions with herbivores and pathogens. inbreeding, herbivory, parasite, Mimulus guttatus |
| PARASITE | 41 Effects of environmental cues on transmission of the estuarine trematode parasite Himasthla rhigedana. parasite, larval transport, environmental cues, infection transmission |
| PARASITE COMMUNITIES | 112 Parasite communities of frogs: relationships to landscape and habitat features. Rana pipiens, parasite communities, landscape ecology |
| PARASITE-HOST INTERACTIONS | Patterns, processes, and mechanisms of mistletoe distributions: a multiscale approach. mistletoe, seed dispersal, spatial scales, parasite-host interactions |
| PARASITE-INDUCED MORTALITY | Host condition affects prevalence of parasitism. prevalence, susceptibility, parasite-induced mortality, Potamopyrgus antipodarum |
| PARASITISM | Parasitic symbiosis: commonality between microbial, plant and animal symbionts and their impacts on their hosts. parasitism, host-parasite interactions, ecophysiology |
| PARASITISM | Variation among host plants in preference and parasitism of the insect herbivore, Lygus hesperus. Lygus hesperus, Anaphes iole, parasitism, tritrophic interactions |
| PARASITISM | Monotrope mycorrhizal cheaters: extreme specificity, germination, and interactions within the ectomycorrhizal community. mycorrhizae, fungi, parasitism, specialization |
| PARASITOID | The effects of parasitoid competition on coexistence and host suppression in a gall-forming midge. Rhopalomyia californica, Baccharis pilularis, parasitoid, biological control |
| PARASITOID | The effects of host-plant genotype and condition on a gall-forming midge and its parasitoids. Baccharis pilularis, Rhopalomyia californica, parasitoid, insect gall |
| PARASITOID BEHAVIOR | Importance of host morphology, behavior, and ecology in the parasitism of larval macrolepidoptera. parasitoids, host selection, parasitoid behavior |
| PARASITOIDS | 10 Influence of agricultural landscape structure on parasitoid abundance: a longer-term perspective. agroecosystems, conservation biological control, parasitoids, landscape complexity |
| PARASITOIDS | Are specialist natural enemies more effective biocontrol agents than generalists? generalist predators, parasitoids, population dynamics, intraguild predation |
| PARASITOIDS | Importance of host morphology, behavior, and ecology in the parasitism of larval macrolepidoptera. parasitoids, host selection, parasitoid behavior |
| PARENT MATERIAL | Parent material controls on ecosystem carbon stocks and nutrient cycling. tropical forest, parent material, carbon, nutrients |
| PARENTAL CARE | Crime does pay: kleptoparasitic roseate terns are high-quality parents. chick growth, kleptoparasitism, parental care, parental quality |
| PARENTAL QUALITY | Crime does pay: kleptoparasitic roseate terns are high-quality parents. chick growth, kleptoparasitism, parental care, parental quality |
| PARK | 106 How does "science" help resource management at Denali National Park and Preserve? management, resources, park, Denali |
| PARKS | Avian species diversity is correlated with neighborhood socioeconomic status in urban parks. parks, biodiversity, socioeconomic, birds |
| PARR | Effects of habitat alteration on Great Lakes steelhead parr: an individual-based modeling analysis. salmonid, individual based model, parr, habitat alteration |
| PARTICIPATION | Divergent vs. convergent conservation problems: Seeking a mix of science and wisdom . conservation, sustainable development, participation |
| PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER | Species and management effects on soil carbon dynamics in experimental tropical ecosystems. soil organic matter dynamics, particulate organic matter, tropical carbon cycling, species effects |
| PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER | Soil carbon dynamics in a forest under free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE). soil carbon, FACE experiment, stable isotopes, particulate organic matter |
| PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER | The effects of compost and crop rotations on carbon turnover in particulate organic matter. particulate organic matter, 13C natural abundance, compost, carbon sequestration |
| PARTICULATE ORGANIC MATTER | 3 Fate of root-derived carbon in annual cropping systems. carbon cycling, root-derived carbon , particulate organic matter, microbial biomass |
| PASSERINE | Are they really myrtle warblers? Relationship of wax myrtle fruit numbers on yellow-rumped warbler abundance. frugivory, passerine, habitat selection |
| PASTORALISM | 31 Long-term influence of Maasai settlement sites on plant nitrogen and carbon isotopes. pastoralism, nutrient hotspots, dung, east african savanna |
| PASTORALIST | 114 Ecological effects upon Maasai pastoral settlement patterns and cattle migration distances. land-use, pastoralist, cattle, gis |
| PASTURE | A practical technique for relating land use and land cover data: a case study in the Amazon basin. land use, pasture, regression tree, Amazon |
| PASTURE | Species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tropical forest fragments and adjacent pastures. arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, tropical forest, pasture, fungal diversity |
| PASTURES | Productivity and stability relationships in clipped pasture communities of varying diversity. pastures, diversity, production, stability |
| PATCH | Landscape pattern and process of an urban ecosystem: an integrated field inventory approach. urban, inventory, patch, gradient |
| PATCH CHOICE | Feeding patch dynamics in Arabian babblers: effects of social structure and patch distribution. Arabian babbler, Turdoides squamiceps, patch choice, dominance |
| PATCH DEPARTURE | The predator-prey shell game: an individual-based model of predator-prey interactions on a large spatial scale. predator-prey, patch departure, spatial game, anti-predator behavior |
| PATCH DYNAMICS | 56 Evidence for the role of canopy disturbance in the spatial distribution of eastern leatherwood (Dirca palustris). Dirca palustis, patch dynamics, spatial pattern, light gaps |
| PATCH DYNAMICS | 70 Role of soil seed banks in patch dynamics of Iris lacustris Nutt. Iris lacustris, patch dynamics, seed germination, soil seed bank |
| PATCH DYNAMICS | Soil carbon and nitrogen cycling in ancient grazing lands. nutrient cycling, patch dynamics, grazing, soil quality |
| PATCH MAINTENANCE | 114 Sugar Maple and Eastern Hemlock forest dynamics at the seed and seedling stage. Acer saccharum , Tsuga canadensis , patch maintenance, seedling emergence and survival |
| PATCH SIZE | Implications of habitat loss on the biodiversity and trophic structure of an assemblage of arthropods . habitat fragmentation, planthoppers, predator-prey interactions, patch size |
| PATCH SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS | An evaluation of neutral and non-neutral landscape models using patch size distributions and semivariograms. neutral landscape models, cellular automata, patch size distributions, semivariograms |
| PATCH TEMPLATE | 115 Definition of current patch structure drivers from historic land records. land records, patch template, Baltimore, MD, urban-rural continuum |
| PATCHINESS | Plurispecific better than monospecific grazing as a management tool in natural wetlands (Marais Poitevin, France). plant diversity, grasslands, plurispecific grazing, patchiness |
| PATCHY LANDSCAPES | Spatial dynamics of bird communities in a "resource-mosaic" landscape . birds, spatial dynamics, patchy landscapes, resource distribution |
| PATERNAL INVESTMENT | Foxes make good fathers: high paternal investment in the kit fox, Vulpes macrotis. cost of reproduction, paternal investment, locomotion, canid |
| PATH ANALYSIS | Linking plant traits to interspecific interactions using path analysis. plant traits, interspecific interactions, path analysis, comparative approach |
| PATHOGEN | The dilution effect in disease ecology: the search for host X. Lyme disease, tick population, dilution effect, pathogen |
| PATHOGEN | Ecological consequences of plant viruses in natural and agricultural systems. disease, pathogen, agriculture, diversity |
| PATHOGENS | Induced response of fertilized and irrigated pines to wounding and inoculation. defense, induced resistance, herbivores, pathogens |
| PATHOGENS | 1 Ecological database of the world's insect pathogens. database, host range, pathogens, insects |
| PATTERN | From continua to patches: A new approach to examine environmental gradients. environmental gradient, pattern, multivariate approach, community structure |
| PATTERN | Pattern and scale: The behavior of landscape metrics. pattern, scale, landscape analysis, landscape metrics |
| PATTERN | 118 Spatial pattern analysis of temperate piedmont forests. forest, pattern, competition, spatial statistics |
| PATTERN FORMATION | Combining multiple sources of heterogeneity: a model of environmental variation and dispersal-induced patterning . pattern formation, scale, dispersal, functional heterogeneity |
| PEANUT | 9 The evaluation of potential media for use in peanut germination for space missions. germination medium, peanut, space mission |
| PEAT | Decadal scale changes in the production and emission of methane from two Appalachian bogs. methane, peat, anaerobic, sulfate reduction |
| PEAT BOG | 29 Biodiversity of microfauna and fungal communities in a Sphagnum bog under two levels of solar UV-B. ozone depletion, long term ecosystem study, peat bog, biodiversity |
| PEAT BOG | 17 Phylogeny and relationships of a probable new group of bacteria based on 16S rRNA phylogeny. peat bog, 16S RNA phylogeny, Sphagnum moss, alpha subdivision proteobacteria |
| PEAT SOIL | 14 Methane biogeochemistry and molecular analysis of Methanogens in two northern peatlands, New York State. methane, peat soil, molecular diversity |
| PEATLAND DEVELOPMENT | 26 Development and lateral expansion of forested peatlands in central New England. peatland development, terrestrialization, paludification |
| PEATLANDS | 97 Long-term energy flows in peatlands and their responses to heat and water loading. mesocosm, climate, energy, peatlands |
| PECOS SUNFLOWER | 129 Composition and structure of a west Texas salt marsh. inland salt marsh, threatened species, pecos sunflower, puzzle sunflower |
| PEER REVIEW | Peer review in student environmental science research. inquiry-based science, peer review, high school science |
| PELAGIC MODEL | Identifying scale-dependent limitations for the extrapolation of experimental results across time and space. scale-dependent, extrapolation, pelagic model, chlorophyll |
| PEP CARBOXYLASE | Respiratory quotient (CO2/O2) declines when Vitis canes are exposed to elevated CO2. respiration , elevated CO2, pep carboxylase, respiratory quotient |
| PER-GRAM EFFECTS | Timing is of the essence: Intra-annual variation in root and shoot competition. plant competition, per-gram effects, non-additive interactions, root competition |
| PERCEPTIONS OF ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR FUNCTIONING | The interactions of climate, society, and natural resources in the mid-Atlantic U.S. regional impacts of climate change, valuing ecological changes, integrated regional assessment, perceptions of ecosystems and their functioning |
| PEREGRINE FALCON | Dispersal and survival of juvenile peregrine falcons during a large restoration project. peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus, survival, dispersal |
| PERENNIAL BUNCHGRASSES | Temporal variation in competitive interference between annual and perennial grasses. California grassland, plant competition, annual grasses, perennial bunchgrasses |
| PERENNIAL GRASS | 156 Contribution of horizontal and vertical R:FR to the expression of shade avoidance in grassland canopy gaps. red:far-red ratio, canopy gaps, grassland ecology, perennial grass |
| PERENNIAL PLANT | 105 Recensus of an Indiana nature preserve to examine goldenseal population demography. Hydrastis, recensus, clonal plant, perennial plant |
| PERFORMANCE | Variation in drinking performance among ants: effects on carbohydrate/protein availability and colony ergonomics. ants, performance, drinking, division of labor |
| PERIODIC MATRIX MODELS | 52 Little demographic effect of an extended flowering season for a Mediterranean perennial herb. periodic matrix models, elasticity analysis, variance decomposition analysis, stochastic simulations |
| PERIODICITY | Changes in the hydrologic periodicity of the Mississippi River. periodicity, rivers, disturbance, temporal dynamics |
| PERIODICITY | Cyclicity in a non-boreal galliform? Time-series analyses of Northern Bobwhite abundance. ARIMA, density dependence, periodicity, quail |
| PERIPHYTON | Spatial scaling of Everglades aquatic macroinvertebrates. Everglades, periphyton, invertebrates, spatial autocorrelation |
| PERMAFROST | Dark and light taiga history since the last glacial around Lake Baikal. Lake Baikal, Taiga, permafrost, since the last galcial |
| PERMANENT PLOT | 99 Recognizing hazards in estimates of tree mortality. survival, permanent plot, proportional hazards, interval-censoring |
| PERMANENT PLOTS | Are community structure and susceptibility to invasion related? Analysis of 50-year old permanent plots. community invasibility, permanent plots, eastern Washington, invasive species |
| PERSISTENCE | Colonisation, dispersal and seasonality: mechanisms influencing the persistence of childhood infections. dispersal, seasonality, persistence, stochasticity |
| PERTURBATION EXPERIMENTS | Can direct and indirect effects be distinguished using simultaneous PRESS and PULSE perturbations? perturbation experiments, community ecology, freshwater zooplankton |
| PEST MANAGMENT | Dynamic spatial control of pests at the landscape scale: an example with cowbirds. cowbirds, brood parasitism, individual-based model, pest managment |
| PESTICIDE | Ecologically-relevant effects of pesticides on Daphnia magna. daphnia, pesticide, reproduction, population |
| PESTICIDES | Soil community composition and ecosystem processes. decomposition, fertilizer, nitrogen mineralization, pesticides |
| PESTICIDES | Are potential behavioral effects caused by pesticide exposure contributing to the decline of terrestrial amphibians? amphibians, neuro-behavior, pesticides, toxicity |
| PHENOLOGY | Red fruit blues: Phenological noise spectra and their consequences for frugivore life histories. population dynamics, extinction risk, environmental noise, phenology |
| PHENOLOGY | 93 Shifting phenology in a grassland ecosystem under simulated global change. global change, species effects, phenology, ecosystem function |
| PHENOLOGY | 6 Good things (and death) come to those who wait: Host phenology & a gall-forming aphid. gall, aphid, phenology, trade-off |
| PHENOLOGY | 113 Spatial and temporal variation in the mating system of Delphinium nuttallianum. mating system, phenology, outcrossing rate, Delphinium |
| PHENOLOGY | Leaf phenology of saplings growing in the understory of a forest exposed to elevated CO2. longevity, phenology, senescence, survivorship |
| PHENOPTYPIC PLASTICITY | 128 Effects of pond drying and changing food level on development of wood frog tadpoles. phenoptypic plasticity, amphibian development, environmental variation, Rana sylvatica |
| PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY | 140 Ecotypic differences in response to resource availability and photoperiod signals. ecotype specialization, photoperiod, phenotypic plasticity, environmental predictability |
| PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY | 145 Directional Self/Non-self Responses in Roots. self/non-self, roots, phenotypic plasticity, plant competition |
| PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY | 124 Ecotypic differences and plasticity of developmental hierarchies in a Mediterranean annual. developmental hierarchies, phenotypic plasticity, ecotype specialization, environmental changes |
| PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY | Experimental studies of adaptation in Clarkia xantiana (Onagraceae): Character variation across a subspecies border. species borders, phenotypic plasticity, adaptation, Clarkia xantiana |
| PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY | Predators come and predators go: the reversibility of phenotypic plasticity in tadpoles. predator-induced plasticity, amphibian, tadpole, phenotypic plasticity |
| PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY | Phenotypic plasticity in frogs: pre-and post-metamorphic environments determine the final frog phenotype. phenotypic plasticity, ontogeny, terrestrial performance, Hyla versicolor |
| PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY | Lack of differential plasticity to shading of internodes and petioles with growth habit in Convolvulus arvensis . phenotypic plasticity, shading, climbing plants, Convolvulaceae |
| PHENOTYPIC SELECTION | Phenotypic selection in a disturbance-related novel environment. phenotypic selection, disturbance ecology, novel environment, desert annuals |
| PHENOTYPIC SELECTION | Phenotypic selection on body size and sprint performance in the tree lizard Urosaurus ornatus. locomotor performance, phenotypic selection, lizard, body size |
| PHENYLPROPANOID | 30 Cell enlargement in UV-B-treated leaves correlates with leaf phenylpropanoid content and leaf apoplastic pH. uv-b, leaf cell enlargement, phenylpropanoid, acid growth |
| PHERONONE | Field response of scolytid bark beetles to 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol, a novel alcohol emitted by Ponderosa pine. Pinus ponderosa, bark beetle, methylbutenol, pheronone |
| PHILOSOPHY | Searching for a global consensus of ecological thoughts. eastern, western, ecology, philosophy |
| PHILOSOPHY | Ecological philosophy and concepts in old Korean cultural landscapes. ecology, philosophy, Korea, landscape |
| PHILOSOPHY | Philosophy and practice of ecology in Japan in special regrads to forest restoration. ecology, philosophy, Japan, chin-ju-mori |
| PHILOSOPHY | Integration of man and nature: the yin and yang of sustainability. yin, yang, Chinese, philosophy |
| PHLOEM | The potential biophysical role of potassium in phloem transport. phloem, potassium, nutrient, cycle |
| PHLOEM | 52 The effect of phloem girdling on xylem hydraulic conductance. xylem, hydraulic, phloem, girdling |
| PHLOEM SAP | 59 Diurnal variation in the stable isotopes of transport fluids and metabolites in field-grown Lupinus angustifloius. stable isotope, phloem sap, diurnal |
| PHORTIC MITES | Symbiotic associations and the ecology of the southern pine beetle. Dendroctonus frontalis, symbiotic, population dynamics, phortic mites |
| PHOSPHATASE | 83 Phosphatase activity along an alpine age and nutrient gradient. phosphatase, phosphorus availability, soil age gradient, Niwot Ridge |
| PHOSPHOLIPID FATTY ACID ANALYSIS (PLFA) | The role of plant species in the structure and function of soil microbial communities: An experimental evaluation. soil microbial ecology, plant-microbe interactions, ecosystem function, phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) |
| PHOSPHOLIPID FATTY ACID ANALYSIS | Sediment microbial community composition at four California mercury mines. phospholipid fatty acid analysis, methyl mercury, sulfate reducing bacteria, lipid biomarkers |
| PHOSPHORUS | Biological versus geochemical cycling of phosphorus in an Amazonian forest ecosystem. phosphorus, nutrient limitation, root biomass, tropical forests |
| PHOSPHORUS | Element inputs and outputs across a substrate age gradient in the Hawaiian Islands. element budgets, hawaiian islands, nitrogen, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS | 117 Interactive effects of phosphorus limitation and daylength on individual species and competitive communities of phytoplankton. phytoplankton, competition, daylength, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS | Nitrogen and phosphorus photosynthetic colimitation in Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine. Pinus aristata, photosynthesis, Colorado, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS | Influence of cattle ranching on nutrient dynamics in seasonal wetlands. wetlands, phosphorus, nitrogen, grazing |
| PHOSPHORUS | Human and natural impacts on soil phosphorus accumulation in an urbanizing agricultural watershed. phosphorus, nonpoint pollution, landscape, human impacts |
| PHOSPHORUS | 3 Phosphorus limitation of seedling growth in northern hardwood forest. nutrient limitation, phosphorus, nitrogen |
| PHOSPHORUS | A test of carbon transfer via mycorrhizal linkages between invasive and native grassland species. mycorrhizae, carbon transfer, invasive species, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS | Iron-phosphorus cycling in southeastern Piedmont lakes. phosphorus, iron, nutrient cycling, lakes |
| PHOSPHORUS | 1 Uncoupling nutrient cycles in Midwestern agroecosystems: N and P flows on diversified farms vs. confined livestock operations. nutrient flow, livestock, nitrogen, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS | Nutrient dynamics in two tidal freshwater marshes in Virginia. nitrogen, phosphorus, sediment, wetland |
| PHOSPHORUS | Lake eutrophication along the urban fringe. eutrophication, phosphorus, urban, lake |
| PHOSPHORUS | Modeling phosphorus assimilation through the canal system of the Big Cypress Seminole Indian Reservation. wetland, phosphorus, restoration, modeling |
| PHOSPHORUS | 94 Effects of mycorrhizal associations on urban tree carbon storage potential. AMF, phosphorus, CO2, photosynthesis |
| PHOSPHORUS | Ecosystem responses to removal of low-head dams from two Wisconsin Rivers. dams, nitrogen, phosphorus, restoration |
| PHOSPHORUS | Plant-microbe competition for phosphorus in three vertical locations. microorganisms, plant, competition, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS | Short-term changes in an oligotrophic Everglades wetland ecosystem receiving experimental phosphorus enrichment. phosphorus, wetland, everglades, biogeochemistry |
| PHOSPHORUS | Does ectomycorrhizal diversity matter? Evidence from pitch pine grown under inorganic and organic phosphorus conditions. biodiversity, mycorrhizae, nutrients, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS | Biotic versus abiotic controls on P availability in soils of Hawaiian wet tropical forests. phosphorus, soil , sorption, microbe |
| PHOSPHORUS | The effect of earthworm invasion on nutrient availability and loss in a northern hardwood forest: A lysimetry study. soilwater, earthworms, nitrogen, phosphorus |
| PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY | 83 Phosphatase activity along an alpine age and nutrient gradient. phosphatase, phosphorus availability, soil age gradient, Niwot Ridge |
| PHOSPHORUS CYCLING | Do nitrogen and phosphorus cycle during terrestrial litter decomposition? nitrogen cycling, decomposition, phosphorus cycling, carbon cycling |
| PHOTOLYSIS | Effects of CO2 enrichment on the production of degradation products of Typha latifolia and their natural photodegradation and biological utilization. aquatic plants, decomposition, dissolved organic matter, photolysis |
| PHOTOPERIOD | 140 Ecotypic differences in response to resource availability and photoperiod signals. ecotype specialization, photoperiod, phenotypic plasticity, environmental predictability |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 94 Effects of mycorrhizal associations on urban tree carbon storage potential. AMF, phosphorus, CO2, photosynthesis |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 97 Effects of canopy position on photosynthetic response of sweetgum leaves to free-air CO2 enrichment. FACE, deciduous tree, photosynthesis, canopy |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Nitrogen and phosphorus photosynthetic colimitation in Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine. Pinus aristata, photosynthesis, Colorado, phosphorus |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Is increased nitrogen availability predictive for long-term forest carbon sequestration? nitrogen deposition, photosynthesis, Rubisco, carbon sequestration |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Diffuse illumination in an eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) stand: Effects on photosynthesis and carbon storage. diffuse illumination, photosynthesis, Tsuga canadesis, ecosystem carbon exchange |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 99 The effects of nearground enriched carbon dioxide on photosynthesis in forests with different land use legacies. photosynthesis, enriched CO2, herbaceous species, temperate forest |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Impacts of environmental variation on photosynthetic enhancement in a forest exposed to atmospheric CO2 enrichment. Liquidambar styraciflua, photosynthesis, elevated CO2, vapor pressure deficit |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Relationships between ecosystem CO2 flux and vegetation spectral reflectance in Southern California chaparral. carbon flux, remote sensing, modeling, photosynthesis |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 12 Integrating the study of photosynthesis across multiple scales in the biology majors curriculum. photosynthesis, education, curriculum |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 110 Variation in soil nitrogen availability affects leaf characteristics and photosynthesis of Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii) . Berberis thunbergii, invasions, N availability, photosynthesis |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Photosynthetic capacity and associated leaf traits along a precipitation gradient in lowland tropical forest. photosynthesis, rainfall gradient, tropical forest, Panama |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Leaf energy and resource investment of Acer rubrum and Quercus spp. within a forested watershed. Acer rubrum, Quercus spp., construction cost, photosynthesis |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 67 Photosynthesis of cryptobiotic crusts in a seasonally inundated system of pans and dunes in the western Mojave Desert. I: Laboratory studies. Cryptobiotic crust, photosynthesis, Mojave Desert, water content |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | Influence of shading on the growth and photosynthesis of the invasive exotic plant garlic mustard Alliaria petiolata grown under simulated early spring conditions. Alliaria petiolata, exotics, photosynthesis |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 101 Leaf gas exchange responses of 13 grassland species to elevated CO2 and increased N supply. elevated CO2, photosynthesis, acclimation, grassland |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 126 Photosynthesis, dry matter accumulation and water relations in the mangrove Avicennia germinans L. A. germinans, mangroves, photosynthesis, salinity |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | The effect of annual nitrogen fertilization on the gas exchange and canopy dynamics of Pinus taeda stands. Pinus taeda, photosynthesis, stomatal conducatnce, Ci |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 28 Photosynthetic performance of remaining leaf tissue after folivory. herbivory, photosynthesis, fluorescence, GFP |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | 102 Effect of increased summer precipitation on high-temperature tolerance for Purshia tridentata. water potential, photosynthesis, Great Basin Desert, Sierra Nevada |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS MODEL | Desert dogma revisited: coupling stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in a desert shrub. photosynthesis model, conductance model, Larrea tridentata |
| PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY | 57 Photosynthesis and drought of an endemic and a widespread Rhamnus species. balearic endemic species, gas exchange, mediterranean sclerophyll shrubs, photosynthetic capacity |
| PHOTOSYNTHETIC LIGHT RESPONSE | Putting the "adaptive" in adaptive radiation: static photosynthetic light responses in Hawaiian lobeliads. adaptive radiation, photosynthetic light response, Lobeliaceae, Hawaii |
| PHOTOSYNTHETIC LIGHT RESPONSES | Adaptation to different light regimes in the Hawaiian lobeliads: dynamic photosynthetic light responses and the outcome of in silico transplants. adaptive radiation, photosynthetic light responses, Hawaii, sunflecks |
| PHYLOGENETIC | A new statistic for measuring phylogenetic structure in comparative data. comparative, method, phylogenetic, statistics |
| PHYLOGENY | Inferring ecological organization from the phylogenetic structure of rain forest tree communities. community assembly, phylogeny, Indonesian Borneo |
| PHYLOGENY | Evolution and ecology of diversity in a community of forest sedges. carex, diversity, old-growth forest, phylogeny |
| PHYLOGEOGRAPHY | Generating biodiversity: The phylogeography of a North American insect radiation. biodiversity, radiation, speciation, phylogeography |
| PHYLOGEOGRAPHY | Intercontinental phylogeography of an insect radiation and its ecological implications. phylogeography, radiation, Enallagma, speciation |
| PHYLOGEOGRAPHY | 127 Phylogeographic structure in the bogus yucca moth Prodoxus quinquepunctellus: comparisons with coexisting pollinator yucca moths. specialization, phylogeography, speciation, biogeography |
| PHYLOGEOGRAPHY | Biological invasions as evolutionary processes. phylogeography, biological invasions, ecological genetics, adaptive radiation |
| PHYSICAL DORMANCY | 73 Germination ecology of Astragalus succumbens and Astragalus sclerocarpus in south-eastern Washington. physical dormancy, legume, germination, Astragalus |
| PHYSICAL HABITAT | 61 Relationships between land use, geology and in-stream physical habitat in small northern Oregon coastal streams. land use, physical habitat, streams, Oregon coast |
| PHYSICAL-BIOLOGICAL COUPLING | Physical habitat property mediates biotic resistance to non-indigenous species invasion. physical-biological coupling, predator-free space, Cancer productus, clams |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY | 14 Fates of ingested terpenes in generalist and specialist Lymantriidae (Lepidoptera). physiological ecology, Lymantriidae, terpenes |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY | 30 Effects of chamber activity on estimates of digestive performance of lizards. cost of digestion, energy budgets, physiological ecology, lizards |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRATION | Consequences of intraspecific variation in clonal integration: in a patchy world, generosity pays. clonal plant, physiological integration, Fragaria chiloensis, local adaptation |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL TOLERANCE | Subtlety will get you everywhere: differential response of Louisiana Iris hybrids to flooding, shade and drought. Louisiana Iris, hybridization, hybrid novelty, physiological tolerance |
| PHYSIOLOGY | What species and community information can be used to predict the outcome of invasion on communities? biological invasions, Alliaria petiolata, physiology, life history |
| PHYSIOLOGY | The robustness of physiologically based functional groups in Florida scrub. functional, group, physiology, Florida |
| PHYTOPHAGY | Herbivores benefit from plant responses induced by leaf-feeding beetle. induced susceptibility, specialist, generalist, phytophagy |
| PHYTOPLANKTON | Non-linear effects of Daphnia on a phytoplankton community: a large-scale, grazer-gradient experiment. phytoplankton, zooplankton, herbivory, non-linear |
| PHYTOPLANKTON | 96 Responses of phytoplankton to experimental greenhouse warming of alpine ponds in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. global warming, alpine ponds, phytoplankton, species composition |
| PHYTOPLANKTON | Does zooplankton community structure determine how phytoplankton respond to pulses of nutrients? resistance, resilience, Daphnia, phytoplankton |
| PHYTOPLANKTON | 67 Impact of deforestation in tropical volcanic lakes . volcanic lakes, phytoplankton, impact of deforestation, Mexico |
| PHYTOPLANKTON | Generalist herbivores reduce prey community diversity in nutrient-poor systems. herbivore dynamics, prey diversity, Daphnia, phytoplankton |
| PHYTOPLANKTON | 117 Interactive effects of phosphorus limitation and daylength on individual species and competitive communities of phytoplankton. phytoplankton, competition, daylength, phosphorus |
| PHYTOREMEDIATION | 73 Oviposition, feeding preferences, and survival of Spodoptera exigua on Se-treated alfalfa: Implications for phytoremediation. Spodoptera exigua, selenium, phytoremediation, host-plant choice |
| PHYTOTELMATA | Top-down and bottom-up effects on the abundance of pitcher plant protozoa. food-web, population dynamics, phytotelmata |
| PIGMENT | Adjustment in pigmentation level to predation risk and ultraviolet radiation among freshwater copepods. copepod, pigment, predation, UV |
| PIGMENTATION | The origin of pigment variation: Is there a black and white answer? Daphnia, pigmentation, dormancy |
| PINE | 33 Tree species composition and conservation of a remnant New Jersey Pinelands community. new jersey pinelands, oak, pine, community |
| PINE ECOSYSTEM | 98 Latitudinal variability of litter fall and decay in pine forest ecosystems: transect studies along 52N parallel . ecosystem response to climate change, organic matter accumulation, pine ecosystem, litterfall/decomposition budget |
| PINE ECOSYSTEMS | 146 The total store of organic carbon in the soil of pine ecosystems in Northern and Central Europe. carbon storage, Spodosols, spatial variability, pine ecosystems |
| PINE PLANTATION | 134 Soil acidification following burning of pine plantations, Sierra Nevada, Spain. soil acidification, pine plantation, chemical weathering, vegetation conversion |
| PINE SAVANNA | Effects of pre-fire fuel load manipulation on shrub resprouting 2 and 14 months post-fire in pine savanna. resprouting, fire intensity, pine savanna, shrubs |
| PIONEER PLANTS | Contributions of seed dispersal and demography to recruitment limitation in a Costa Rican cloud forest. dispersal limitation, seed bank, seed demography, pioneer plants |
| PIOSPHERE | 102 Interactions of cattle grazing and climate change on semi-arid ecosystem function. piosphere, grassland/rangeland, nutrient cycling, monitoring |
| PISCIVORY | Foraging capacity and resource synchronisation in an ontogenetic diet switcher, pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca). ontogenetic diet shift, size-structure, piscivory, planktivory |
| PISCIVORY | 115 Selective foraging behavior in pikeperch. predation, piscivory, prey choice, optimal foraging |
| PITCH | 151 A test of pitch production in Pinus species used by Yellow-bellied sapsuckers (Sphyrapicus varius) in Northwest Indiana. Sphyrapicus varius, Pinus, pitch, sap |
| PITCH PINE | 138 Pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) recovery following catastrophic fire on Long Island, New York. pitch pine |
| PITCH PINE-OAK VEGETATION | Long-term changes in vegetation and fire on Cape Cod, Massachusetts in relation to human impact. paleoecology, human impacts, pitch pine-oak vegetation, Cape Cod |
| PITS AND MOUNDS | Temperature dynamics associated with pits and mounds in managed and unmanaged hardwood forests of northern Michigan, USA. pits and mounds, temperature, northern michigan |
| PLANKTIVORY | Foraging capacity and resource synchronisation in an ontogenetic diet switcher, pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca). ontogenetic diet shift, size-structure, piscivory, planktivory |
| PLANKTIVORY | Effects of exotic species invasion and species replacement on prey community structure. invasive species, rainbow smelt, zooplankton community structure, planktivory |
| PLANKTON | Species traits and ecosystem gradients in metacommunities. metacommunities, species sorting, plankton, trophic structure |
| PLANKTON | Plankton community structure in small aquatic systems. species turnover, species composition, plankton, rock pools |
| PLANKTON | Stoichiometric models of microbial ecosystems. stoichiometry, plankton, microbial ecology, resource competition |
| PLANKTON | Predators and stoichiometric traits of phytoplankton autotrophs and zooplankton grazers influence community- and ecosystem-level patterns. stoichiometry, plankton, traits, gradients |
| PLANKTON | 62 Landscape organization of geomorphic features and plankton ecology in sockeye salmon nursery lakes. lake, landscape position, nutrient limitation, plankton |
| PLANNING | Traditional and modern ways of land-use planning and managment in South Korea. Feng-Shui, land-use, planning, Korea |
| PLANT | Plant-microbe competition for phosphorus in three vertical locations. microorganisms, plant, competition, phosphorus |
| PLANT | Testing Fox's assembly rule: Does plant invasion depend on recipient community structure? functional group, plant, invasion, resistance |
| PLANT | Effects of population size and density on reproduction and genetic variation in Lupinus perennis. conservation, plant, pollination, inbreeding |
| PLANT AMMONIUM UPTAKE | 47 Nitrogen transformations, roots, and fates of inorganic N in agricultural soil. roots, plant ammonium uptake, ammonification, nitrification |
| PLANT ASSEMBLAGES | Partitioning the interactive effects of species assemblage, site, and substrate on cation leaching in a complete factorial experiment using lysimeter mesocosms. cation leaching, experimental ecosystems, abiotic-biotic interaction, plant assemblages |
| PLANT AVAILABILTY | P limitation in boreal forests: effects of Al and Fe in the humus layer. P limitation, boreal forest, P sorption, plant availabilty |
| PLANT CALORIMETRY | 68 Physiological and metabolic evaluation of Poa secunda Presl. populations of the Intermountain West. Intermountain west, plant calorimetry, respiration rate, heat rate |
| PLANT COMMUNITIES | Patterns in ecology: the expected and the emergent. data-mining, complexity, plant communities, vegetation dynamics |
| PLANT COMMUNITIES | Livestock grazing in arid and semi-arid grasslands: resilient plant communities and sensitive soil properties. grasslands, grazing, plant communities, soil properties |
| PLANT COMMUNITIES | Effects of root and leaf herbivory on purple loosestrife, an invasive weed of wetlands. herbivory, invasive, plant communities, wetland |
| PLANT COMMUNITY DIVERSITY | Effects of resource heterogeneity, seed addition and disturbance on seedling recruitment in a prairie savanna. plant community diversity, soil resource heterogeneity, dispersal limitation, disturbance |
| PLANT COMPETITION | 110 Competition, regrowth, and storage in a caespitose grass. plant competition, resource storage, defoliation, Phleum pratense |
| PLANT COMPETITION | Timing is of the essence: Intra-annual variation in root and shoot competition. plant competition, per-gram effects, non-additive interactions, root competition |
| PLANT COMPETITION | 145 Directional Self/Non-self Responses in Roots. self/non-self, roots, phenotypic plasticity, plant competition |
| PLANT COMPETITION | Environmental stress and plant community invasibility in a coastal grassland in California. coastal grassland, plant competition, invasive species, environmental stress |
| PLANT COMPETITION | Effects of herbivory and resources on Chinese tallow (Sapium sebiferum) invasion of native coastal prairie. alien tree invasions, endangered coastal prairie, herbivory tolerance, plant competition |
| PLANT COMPETITION | Temporal variation in competitive interference between annual and perennial grasses. California grassland, plant competition, annual grasses, perennial bunchgrasses |
| PLANT COMPETITION | Community-level consequences of competition among clonal sedges. plant competition, clonality, community-level, calcareous fens |
| PLANT COMPETITION | Strong competitive effects of exotic perennial grasses on California native grasses are unaffected by N fertilization in a greenhouse experiment. invasion, plant competition, nutrients, exotic grasses |
| PLANT COMPOSITION | Effects of partial canopy removal on the richness and cover of understory flora in northern hardwood forests. plant composition, forest understory, biodiversity, management |
| PLANT CONSERVATION | Conservation of species diversity on the urban fringe: is it hopeless? plant conservation, endangered species |
| PLANT DEFENSE | 27 Spatial variation in anti-herbivore defenses of Pinus. plant defense, secondary metabolism, growth-differentiation balance, plant stress |
| PLANT DEFENSE | Chemicals, Plants and Animals: Linking secondary compounds, plant functional types and insect feeding guilds. herbivory, plant defense, taxonomy, life-histories |
| PLANT DEMOGRAPHY | The effect of topography and microhabitat on the density and population structure of the harvested palm, Chamaedorea radicalis, in northeastern Mexico. non-timber forest product, plant demography, palm ecology, Mexico |
| PLANT DEMOGRAPHY | Resource and propagule limitation in invasion of tropical rain forest by an exotic shrub. plant demography, elasticity analysis, invasive species, matrix model |
| PLANT DEMOGRAPHY | Influence of small-scale disturbance spatial patterns on the demography and distribution of prairie plant species. disturbance, gopher mounds, plant demography, prairie |
| PLANT DENSITY | Loss of subordinate species affects productivity of a C4-dominated grassland. grassland , plant density, productivity, species richness |
| PLANT DENSITY | Asymmetric competition and the evolution of propagule size. competition, plant density, tuber, Potamogeton pectinatus |
| PLANT DISEASE | 12 Effects of synthetic and organic soil fertility amendments on the incidence of southern blight caused by Sclerotium rolfsii , and the abundance of soil microbial and nematode communities in conventional and organic agroecosystems. Organic agriculture, soil microbial communities, plant disease |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | Response of understory herb species richness and cover to Acer saccharum regeneration thickets. forest herbs, plant diversity, forest management, competition |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | 115 The efficacy of prairie restoration in Cades Cove, Smoky Mountains National Park. fescue, non-native species, plant diversity |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | Species diversity, composition, and spatial patterning of understory plants in old-growth and managed northern hardwood forests. understory vegetation, spatial patterning, forest management, plant diversity |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | Plurispecific better than monospecific grazing as a management tool in natural wetlands (Marais Poitevin, France). plant diversity, grasslands, plurispecific grazing, patchiness |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | Predictive spatial models of vegetation, cryptobiotic, and soil characteristics: A landscape-scale assessment using spatial information and spatial statistics. multi-phase, multi-scale, landscape, plant diversity, spatial information, landsat Tm Data, GIS, trend surface, kirging, cokriging, variogram |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | Species-area curves indicate the importance of habitats' contributions to landscape-scale biodiversity. species-area curves, plant diversity, habitat heterogeneity |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | 17 Black-tailed prairie dog mounds: Do they contribute to plant species diversity? black-tailed prairie dog, disturbance, plant diversity, soil mounds |
| PLANT DIVERSITY | Woody plant diversity in western Oregon riparian forests: Multiple scales of control. riparian ecology, plant diversity, forests, disturbance |
| PLANT FUNCTIONAL GROUPS | 107 Plant functional group response to plant removal treatments in a Chihuahuan Desert Shrubland. plant removal experiment , species richness, plant functional groups, community composition |
| PLANT INDICATOR SPECIES | Linking wetland water sources, hydroperiod, and plant species across a hydrologic gradient in Michigan wetlands. hydrology, solute tracers, plant indicator species |
| PLANT INTERACTIONS | 13 Mechanisms of facilitation between a perennial tussock grass and a shrub in a semiarid degraded steppe. facilitation, plant interactions, steppe, Stipa tenacissima |
| PLANT INVASIONS | Production of invasive plants in response to elevated CO2 in a closed-canopy, deciduous forest. plant invasions, Microstegium vimineum, biomass production, community composition |
| PLANT INVASIONS | 117 Assessing plant invasions from the landscape to the patch scale: Linaria vulgaris Mill. crossing Yellowstone National Park boundary. protected areas, plant invasions, Linaria vulgaris, Yellowstone National Park |
| PLANT INVENTORY | 26 A comparison of study techniques for evaluating plant species richness in northern hardwood forests. species richness, northern hardwood, Adirondack Mountains, plant inventory |
| PLANT MIGRATION | Changes in successional trajectory associated with fire near the range limit of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. contorta). plant migration, fire regime, boreal forest, ecosystem feedbacks |
| PLANT MIGRATION | 24 Multi-Scale Analysis of Seed Dispersal: an attempt to resolve Reid's paradox. long-distance seed dispersal, plant migration, modeling, spatial homogenization |
| PLANT PARTITIONING | Preferential uptake of N by alpine tundra species: do all species tap the same N pool? nitrogen, plant partitioning, alpine tundra |
| PLANT PATHOGEN | Recently discovered Phytophthora species may underlie epidemic oak mortality in California. plant pathogen, forest disease, forest pathology, disease management |
| PLANT PATHOGENS | Plant disease and global change: interactive effects of elevated CO2, nitrogen deposition, and decreased plant species diversity. host-parasite interactions, nutrient addition, nitrogen deposition, plant pathogens |
| PLANT PHENOLOGY | 10 Plant phenology, reproduction, and insect herbivory in a fragmented landscape. plant population size, plant phenology, insect species richness, insect herbivory |
| PLANT PHYSIOLOGY | 51 Using light induced fluorescence for assessing the health of emergent marsh vegetation. light induced flourescence, salt marsh, emergent vegetation, plant physiology |
| PLANT POPULATION DYNAMICS | Weeds, bugs, and mice: why two biocontrol insects failed. Centaurea, biological control, seed predation, plant population dynamics |
| PLANT POPULATION SIZE | 10 Plant phenology, reproduction, and insect herbivory in a fragmented landscape. plant population size, plant phenology, insect species richness, insect herbivory |
| PLANT PRODUCTIVITY | 124 Positionary effects on soil texture, nutrients, and plant productivity in a Nebraska sandhills prairie. ecosystem ecology, nitrogen mineralization rates, plant productivity, soil textures |
| PLANT REMOVAL EXPERIMENT | 107 Plant functional group response to plant removal treatments in a Chihuahuan Desert Shrubland. plant removal experiment , species richness, plant functional groups, community composition |
| PLANT REPRODUCTION | Breakdown in self-incompatibility in a weed (Solanum carolinense). mating system, self-incompatibility, plant reproduction, Solanum carolinense |
| PLANT RESPIRATION | 92 Respiratory carbon loss will increase at elevated atmospheric CO2: A meta-analysis. elevated CO2, meta-analysis, plant respiration |
| PLANT RESPONSE TO DISTURBANCE | Foliar 15N natural abundance response to clear-cutting disturbance. 15N natural abundance, foliar 15N, clear-cutting , plant response to disturbance |
| PLANT SIZE | Does shade tolerance change with plant size? A test of tissue and whole plant respiration in deep shade. dark respiration, shade tolerance, low light environments, plant size |
| PLANT STRESS | 21 Effects of physical gradients on palatability of salt marsh plants to herbivores. herbivory, salt marsh, plant stress |
| PLANT STRESS | 27 Spatial variation in anti-herbivore defenses of Pinus. plant defense, secondary metabolism, growth-differentiation balance, plant stress |
| PLANT STRESS RESPONSE | Clones recover from prolonged dormancy induced by severe stress. Solidago missouriensis, Trirhabda canadensis, carbohydrate allocation, plant stress response |
| PLANT TRAITS | Linking plant traits to interspecific interactions using path analysis. plant traits, interspecific interactions, path analysis, comparative approach |
| PLANT WATER UPTAKE | 104 The effect of elevated CO2 on belowground pattern and process in California annual grasslands. root distribution, plant water uptake, elevated CO2, stable isotope |
| PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS | Studies on the alteration of neotropical forest understories due to mammalian defaunation: experimental approaches and a model of the possible underlying mechanisms. plant-animal interactions, neotropical defaunation |
| PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS | Curiosity driven research in national parks: a basic necessity. protected areas, Africa, plant-animal interactions |
| PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS | A new scale of variability in plant secondary chemicals and effects on herbivore behavior. plant-herbivore interactions, induced defences, chemical ecology |
| PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS | Activated chemical defenses in temperate bloom-forming macroalgae. activated defenses, chemical defenses, green algae, plant-herbivore interactions |
| PLANT-INSECT INTERACTION | Microclimatic effects on insect herbivory in Nothofagus antarctica trees: effects of solar UV-B and relationship with plant secondary metabolites. ultraviolet radiation, plant-insect interaction, herbivory, flavoniods |
| PLANT-INSECT INTERACTION | Classroom inquiry into the effects of urbanization on bruchid beetles (Family: Bruchidae) in the Sonoran Desert. Education, Bruchidae, herbivory, plant-insect interaction |
| PLANT-INSECT INTERACTIONS | 9 Variation in elemental composition (N and P) of host plants and consequences for herbivore performance. ecological stoichiometry, life history, plant-insect interactions, nitrogen |
| PLANT-INSECT INTERACTIONS | Convergent use of polyphenols by insects and plants. polyphenols, tannins, plant-insect interactions, tritrophic interactions |
| PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS | The role of plant species in the structure and function of soil microbial communities: An experimental evaluation. soil microbial ecology, plant-microbe interactions, ecosystem function, phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) |
| PLANT-REMOVAL EXPERIMENT | 114 Contrasting effects of neighboring vegetation on Ulmus rubra seedlings in successional grassland. competition, facilitation, grassland, plant-removal experiment |
| PLANTATIONS | Expediting forest regeneration in tropical grasslands: distance and isolation from seed sources in plantations. arrested succession, plantations , reforestation, tropical forests |
| PLANTATIONS | Effects of forest plantation management on herbaceous layer composition and diversity. plantations, forest harvesting, herbaceous layer, species composition |
| PLANTHOPPERS | Implications of habitat loss on the biodiversity and trophic structure of an assemblage of arthropods . habitat fragmentation, planthoppers, predator-prey interactions, patch size |
| PLANTING | 62 Comparison of planting strategies in a tallgrass prairie restoration. restoration, prairie, planting, seeding |
| PLANTS | Serpentine plant metacommunities. metacommunity, plants , serpentine , diversity |
| PLANTS | Large-scale mapping and predictive modeling of submerged aquatic vegetation. submerged, plants, mapping, lakes |
| PLANTS | Species diversity, resource competition and community invasibility: a Minnesota grassland experiment. plants, invasion, competition, diversity |
| PLANTS | Effects of competition, spatial variability, and timing of germination on Mimulus nudatus, a rare serpentine endemic plant. competition, plants, rare, Mimulus |
| PLANTS | Calcium and phosphorus uptake by plants in secondary succession at Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico, USA. nutrients, plants, rainforest, life history |
| PLANTS | The effect of plant community composition on soil microbial community composition. microbes, plants, PLFA, T-RFLP |
| PLASTICITY | Sapling stem orientation in relation to growth rate, leaf dimensions and leaf habit. plasticity, sapling, growth, light |
| PLASTICITY | Self/non-self responses in roots. self/non-self, roots, competition, plasticity |
| PLASTICITY | Inducible morphologies in a variable food environment. echinoids, plasticity, plutei , variance |
| PLASTICITY | 108 Morphological variation in populations of Festuca arundinacea in England. endophytes, grasslands, plasticity, tall fescue |
| PLASTICITY | Growth form controls developmental and morphological responses to light quality in Brassica rapa. growth form, plasticity, development, light quality |
| PLASTICITY | Temperate woody seedling responses to deep shade plus drought: Testing for a tolerance trade-off. shade tolerance, drought tolerance, plasticity, species-richness |
| PLAYBACK | Territorial responses of riparian forest birds to width of watercourses. gap-crossing, territory, playback, riparian |
| PLURISPECIFIC GRAZING | Plurispecific better than monospecific grazing as a management tool in natural wetlands (Marais Poitevin, France). plant diversity, grasslands, plurispecific grazing, patchiness |
| PLUTEI | Inducible morphologies in a variable food environment. echinoids, plasticity, plutei , variance |
| PODZOLIZATION | Coarse woody debris may influence soil chemistry and direct pedogenesis towards podzolization in the Oregon Cascades. coarse woody debris, dissolved organic matter, soil solution chemistry, podzolization |
| POINT PROCESS | 132 Methods for analyzing spatial patterns of more than two species. spatial pattern, point process |
| POLICY | Regulations to Limit Introduction and Spread of Invasive Species: Past, Present, and Future. invasive species, regulations, policy |
| POLLEN | A Diatom and pollen record from Catfish Pond, Illinois. paleolimnology, diatoms, pollen, soil development |
| POLLEN | Holocene dynamics of forest and barrens on a sand plain in Upper Peninsula, Michigan. disturbance, forest, barrens, pollen |
| POLLEN | Late-Quaternary land cover change in boreal and eastern North America. land cover, Quaternary, North America, pollen |
| POLLEN ANALYSIS | Early Holocene vegetation in the western Great Lakes region: two distinct no-analog types. pollen analysis, no analog pollen assemblages, Holocene, vegetation classification |
| POLLEN CARRYOVER | 123 The effect of variation in floral reproductive morphology on pollen dispersal and gene flow in Mimulus ringens. Mimulus ringens, pollen carryover, gene flow, pollination |
| POLLEN COUNT SIZE | The effect of sample size on paleoenvironmental reconstructions using the modern analog technique. modern analog technique, climate reconstruction, vegetation reconstruction, pollen count size |
| POLLEN DISPERSAL | 79 Pollen dispersal by bumble bees and butterflies visiting Brassica napus: implications for plant mating. pollen dispersal, transgenic plant, butterfly, bumble bee |
| POLLEN LIMITATION | 115 Reproductive ecology of two closely related species of Rhamnus (a widespread and an endemic species): from buds to seedling establishment. western Mediterranean shrubs, pollen limitation, seed dispersal, seedling recruitment |
| POLLEN LIMITATION | The interaction of the ecology and evolution of an exotic estuarine plant, Spartina alterniflora Loisel. invasive plant, pollen limitation, population growth, Spartina alterniflora |
| POLLEN LIMITATION | 104 Pollen limitation, rainfall, and cyclical masting in a perennial wildflower, Astragalus scaphoides. masting, pollen limitation, water limitation, Astragalus scaphoides |
| POLLEN POOL STRUCTURE | Contemporary pollen movement in California Valley oak, Quercus lobata . pollen-mediated gene movement, pollen pool structure, Valley oak, Quercus lobata |
| POLLEN-MEDIATED GENE MOVEMENT | Contemporary pollen movement in California Valley oak, Quercus lobata . pollen-mediated gene movement, pollen pool structure, Valley oak, Quercus lobata |
| POLLINATION | 123 The effect of variation in floral reproductive morphology on pollen dispersal and gene flow in Mimulus ringens. Mimulus ringens, pollen carryover, gene flow, pollination |
| POLLINATION | Pollination biology of two Maui endemics: potential impacts of alien insects on plant reproduction. silversword, Argentine ant, alien species impacts, pollination |
| POLLINATION | The consequences of inflorescence architecture for bumble bee behaviour and plant mating. pollination, inflorescence, architecture, behaviour |
| POLLINATION | 42 Habitat corridors and the conservation of plant-pollinator interactions. habitat corridors, fragmentation, pollination |
| POLLINATION | Nectar-robbing bumblebees reduce pollen flow and geitonogamy in a hummingbird-pollinated plant. nectar-robbing, pollination, Ipomopsis aggregata, geitonogamy |
| POLLINATION | Effects of habitat fragmentation on bumblebee movement in a Massachusetts conservation area. bumblebees, Clethra alnifolia, habitat fragmentation, pollination |