SUBJECT INDEX
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
| O3 EXPOSURE | Environmental control of stomatal behavior: PPFR, VPD, and ... [O3]? stomatal behavior, O3 exposure, fluctuating light, ponderosa pine  FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK | 35 Dynamics of juniper, pinyon and oak mast production in woodland ecosystems of central New Mexico. Mast Production, One-seed Juniper, Pinyon, Oak FULL ABSTRACT |
| OCTOPUS HUBBSORUM | 120 Range extension for Octopus hubbsorum Berry 1953 (Mollusca;octopodidae) in the Mexican Pacific. Octopus hubbsorum , IN THE MEXICAN PACIFIC FULL ABSTRACT |
| OHIO | Extinction, invasion, homogenization and heterogeneity: The effects of urbanization on bird communities. urban, species assemblage, Ohio, California FULL ABSTRACT |
| OHIO | 66 A GIS map of Licking County, Ohio: Vegetation at the time of the earliest government land surveys. pre-settlement vegetation, geographical information systems, vegetation mapping, Ohio FULL ABSTRACT |
| OHIO | 90 Using ecological land units in a biodiversity gap analysis for conservation planning in a southwestern Ohio watershed. Biodiversity Gap Analysis , Ecological Land Unit , Ohio, Forest FULL ABSTRACT |
| OHIO | 93 Tree of Heaven or Hell? The naturalization of Ailanthus altissima in the Wright State woods. Ailanthus altissima , wood's edge, invasive species, Ohio FULL ABSTRACT |
| OKLAHOMA | 113 Physiological evidence for ecotypes of Schizachyrium scoparium. salinity, pH, Oklahoma FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD AND MATURE FORESTS | The spatial distribution patterns of old and mature forests in PNW, USA. Spatial pattern, Old and mature forests, Remote sensing, Pacific Northwest FULL ABSTRACT |
| ONE-SEED JUNIPER | 35 Dynamics of juniper, pinyon and oak mast production in woodland ecosystems of central New Mexico. Mast Production, One-seed Juniper, Pinyon, Oak FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPTIMAL FORAGING | Effects of an optimal patch departure rule on population dynamics. Optimal Foraging, Populaiton Dynamics, Predator-Prey FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPTIMIZATION | Statistically based assessment of aircraft CO2 flux measurements and NDVI in Arctic Alaska . Fluxes, Optimization, NDVI, Eddy Covariance FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORCUTTIEAE | Ecology and evolution of Orcuttieae (Poaceae): Endangered vernal pool grasses. Vernal Pools, Orcuttieae, Molecular Evolution, Kranz Anatomy FULL ABSTRACT |
| OREGON | Forest harvest, N saturation, and potential base cation depletion in coastal Oregon forests . nitrogen, base cation, strontium isotopes, Oregon FULL ABSTRACT |
| OREGON | Matching scale of modeling with scales of variability in a forested region of Oregon, USA. modeling, net ecosystem productivity, forest, Oregon FULL ABSTRACT |
| OROMIA | Biophysical criteria for reserve design: the case of coffee gene reserve zoning in Ethiopia. Coffea arabica, Oromia, mountain rainforest, genetic conservation, in situ FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORTHOPTERA | 11 Impacts of grasshopper and sheep herbivory on grasshopper population dynamics and vegetation: Results from a two year experiment. Herbivory, Orthoptera, Grazing FULL ABSTRACT |
| OTOLITH | Bouncing beams off brittle bones: Age determination and electron microprobe analysis of Strontium levels in otoliths from Least Cisco (Coregonus sardinella) in Arctic Alaska. Otolith, Whitefish, Least Cisco, Strontium FULL ABSTRACT |
| OZONE DEPLETION | 28 Response of a Tierra del Fuego peatland to six field seasons of UV-B radiation manipulation. Ozone depletion, peatland, UV-B radiation, plant community dynamics FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK | Watershed controls on streamwater nitrate concentrations, Catskill Mountains, NY. catskills, oak, nitrogen, watershed FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK | Searching for effects of animal dispersal on the distribution of oak seedlings. seed dispsersal, Quercus, oak, RECRUITS FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK HERBIVORES | The role of the middle trophic level in tritrophic cascades: Leaftiers as ecosystem engineers. trophic cascade, oak herbivores, bird predation, ecosystem engineering FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK MORTALITY | Vegetation change in an old-growth eastern Kentucky forest: 1971-1999. long-term vegetational change, old-growth mixed mesophytic forest, increasing importance of shade-tolerant mesophytes, oak mortality FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK REGENERATION | 19 Prescribed fire effects on understory light environment and seedling performance of oak and red maple in eastern Kentucky. oak regeneration, prescribed fire, photosynthesis, water use efficiency FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK SAVANA | 99 Developing performance metrics to measure ecological functioning in California Foothill communities. restoration success, performance criteria, oak savana, ecological functioning FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK SAVANNA | 4 Fire frequency and tree canopy influences on plant species diversity in oak savannas and woodlands. species diversity, fire frequency, oak savanna, restoration ecology FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK SAVANNA | The GLADES project: Tree demography and landscape analysis in a 16 Ha oak savanna grid. oak savanna, landscape analysis, tree demography, long term monitoring FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK SPECIES | Increased aboveground biomass in elevated CO2 masks species-specific growth responses in a scrub-oak ecosystem. elevated co2, native ecosystem, growth, oak species FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK WOODLAND | The relative importance of grazing and topography on oak performance since 1928. oak woodland, cattle grazing, habitat loss, recruitment FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAK-SCRUB | 131 Response of roots to five years of exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2 in an oak-scrub ecosystem in Florida. fine roots, CO2, oak-scrub FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAKS | The importance of oaks in the restoration of California grasslands. oaks, grassland, restoration FULL ABSTRACT |
| OAKS | Net transfer of water between plants connected by common mycorrhizal networks. hydraulic lift, oaks, drought, facilitation FULL ABSTRACT |
| OBJECT-ORIENTED AND/OR INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODELS | A comparison of methods to use genetic information to quantify inter-population movement. movement, population isolation, genetic measures of movement, object-oriented and/or individual-based models FULL ABSTRACT |
| OBSERVER EFFECT | 54 The herbivory uncertainty principle revisted. experimental methods, herbivory, observer effect, site effect FULL ABSTRACT |
| OFFSPRING PERFORMANCE | Effect of oviposition site choice on anuran performance. oviposition, environmental effects, offspring performance, Rana FULL ABSTRACT |
| OIL SPILLS | Plant-bacterial-fungal interations in remediation of terrestrial oil spills. bioremediation, oil spills, revegetation, interactions FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD FIELD SUCCESSION | 65 Limiting traits in early old field succession on a rich soil. old field succession, fertilization, colonization, plant competition FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD FIELD WHITE PINE | Nitrogen distribution and  15N in a 115 year chronosequence of old-field white pine.nitrogen cycling, old field white pine, agricultural abandonment, stable isotopes FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD GROWTH | Coarse woody debris in fire suppressed and frequently burned old-growth oak stands. fire, coarse woody debris, old growth, savanna FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD GROWTH | Evaluating release criteria and climate impacts in old-growth hemlock. release criteria, hemlock, old growth, disturbance history FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD GROWTH FOREST | Tree mortality following reintroduction of fire to an old growth mixed conifer forest. fire, Sierra Nevada, old growth forest, fuel reduction FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-FIELD FOOD WEBS | Biodiversity cascades: indirect top-predator effects on plant species diversity mediated by herbivore anti-predator behavior. trophic cascades, old-field food webs, plant species diversity, herbivore anti-predator behavior FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-FIELD SUCCESSION | 102 Inhibition of old-field species by Lespedeza cuneata (Fabaceae). Lespedeza cuneata, old-field succession, allelopathy, phenolics FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-FIELDS | Trophic cascades in natural and human-maintained grasslands. trophic cascade, grasslands, old-fields, meta-analysis FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-GROWTH | Patterns of nitrogen loss from a pristine old-growth forested watershed, Olympic National Park, Washington. N-cycle, stream chemistry, old-growth, global change FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-GROWTH | 17 New room to grow: patterns of regeneration in an old-growth longleaf pine stand after fire re-introduction. Pinus palustris, restoration, old-growth, prescribed fire FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-GROWTH FOREST | 162 Surprisingly big changes in an old-growth Ohio beech-maple stand after 24 years. Acer saccharum , Fagus grandifolia , Hueston woods, old-growth forest FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-GROWTH FOREST | 31 Twenty years of landscape-level change in canopy species dominance in an old-growth mixed mesophytic forest. old-growth forest, long-term dynamics, topographic distributions , regeneration patterns FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-GROWTH FOREST | Biogeochemical Edge Effects on Nitrogen and Carbon Retention in Fragmented Oldgrowth Forest. old-growth forest, edge effects, biogeochemistry, microclimate FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLD-GROWTH MIXED MESOPHYTIC FOREST | Vegetation change in an old-growth eastern Kentucky forest: 1971-1999. long-term vegetational change, old-growth mixed mesophytic forest, increasing importance of shade-tolerant mesophytes, oak mortality FULL ABSTRACT |
| OLDFIELD | Fifty years of woody succession at the landscape level: an aberrant case in South Carolina, USA. oldfield, succession, landscape, restoration FULL ABSTRACT |
| OMNIVOROUS FISH | Omnivory and food web stability: exploring underlying mechanisms. food web stability, omnivorous fish, trophic interactions, nutrient transport FULL ABSTRACT |
| ON-LINE COURSES | 106 Education and outreach: Weed resources for the western United States. education , on-line courses, distance learning FULL ABSTRACT |
| ONE-SEED JUNIPER | Conditional interactions between juniper and mistletoe mediated by shared avian frugivores: parasitism to potential mutualism. mistletoe, one-seed juniper, seed dispersal, parasitism FULL ABSTRACT |
| ONTOGENETIC NICHE SHIFTS | Competition and coexistence in multiple life history stages. competition, complex life cycles, ontogenetic niche shifts FULL ABSTRACT |
| ONTOGENY | 41 Ecologically relevant chemistry is highly variable in a hybrid cottonwood system. genetics, ontogeny, hybridization, Populus FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPEN TOP CHAMBER | Tundra carbon fluxes in response to experimental warming along moisture and climate gradients in Northern Alaska. itex, open top chamber, experimental warming FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPTIMAL DEFENSE THEORY | 52 Testing the optimal defense theory and the growth-differentiation balance hypotheseis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis thaliana, optimal defense theory, growth-differentiation balance, induced defenses FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPTIMAL FORAGING | Graphical predation theory: Seed of a failed revolution or a delayed one? isoclines, predation, stability, optimal foraging FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPTIMAL LIFE-HISTORIES | Masting by chance or necessity: the reproductive variability of plant populations in stochasitc environments . proximate vs. ultimate explanation, optimal life-histories, population variability and synchrony, stochastic dynamic models FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPTIMAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION | Does NPP decline because of fundamental physiological constraints, or can intelligent carbon allocation sustain it? age related decline in NPP, hydraulic limitation, sapwood respiration, optimal resource allocation FULL ABSTRACT |
| OPTIMIZATION | Species interactions in desert communities: Dynamics of resource supply and utilization . rainfall patterns, optimization, plant functional types, desert FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORAL HISTORY | The renewal of indigenous storyscapes through oral history & plant knowledge. indigenous knowledge, oral history, ecocultural restoration, native plants FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORCHID | 61 Distribution, demography and mycorrhizal interactions of a terrestrial orchid across environmental gradients. demography, distributions, mycorrhizae, orchid FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORCHID MYCORRHIZA | Orchid mycorrhizal diversity and tolerance of spatial and temporal habitat variation. orchid mycorrhiza, fungal diversity, Goodyera pubescens, Liparis lilifolia FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORDINATION | Monitoring understory response to ecological restoration treatments in southwestern forests requires multiple years of data. restoration, monitoring, vegetation, ordination FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORDINATION | How do short rotations and intensive management affect plant communities in pine plantations? succession, sustainability, ordination, managed forests FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORGANIC MANAGEMENT | 146 Below and above-ground weed community response to a long-term management and rotation experiment. organic management, crop rotation, weed community, soil seed bank FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORGANIC MATERIAL | 45 Re-vegetation technologies to restore degraded semi-arid rangelands in South Africa. over-sowing, organic material, Digitaria eriantha, Chloris gayana FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORGANIC SOILS | 111 Arboreal organic soils 50 m above the forest floor in coast redwood canopies. organic soils, soil formation, Sequoia sempervirens FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORGANIZATION | A portable lidar system for rapid determination of forest canopy structure. canopy, structure, three-dimensional, organization FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORIBATIDS | 146 Response of soil microarthropods (Acari, Collembola) to two-age forest regeneration in the southern Appalachians. forest harvesting, forest soils, oribatids, diversity FULL ABSTRACT |
| ORINOCO LLANOS | The flux of carbon due to land-use changes in the Orinoco savannas. orinoco llanos, land-use changes, periodic inventories, carbon sink and source FULL ABSTRACT |
| OUTBREAK | Effects of aspen budbreak phenology and leaf chemistry on levels of defoliation during a forest tent caterpillar outbreak. aspen, forest tent caterpillar, resistance, outbreak FULL ABSTRACT |
| OUTBREAK | 29 Migratory band formation in the Mormon cricket. Anabrus simplex, behavior, outbreak, migration FULL ABSTRACT |
| OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION | 42 Fragmented Populations of Opuntia streptacantha (Cactaceae) . Opuntia streptacantha , outbreeding depression, sexual incompatibility, habitat fragmentation FULL ABSTRACT |
| OUTREACH | Learning by doing: Ecological restoration education and outreach at Northern Arizona University. outreach, education, collaboration, literacy FULL ABSTRACT |
| OUTREACH | 159 Integrating student observations into ecological lessons. science education, marine science, student observations, outreach FULL ABSTRACT |
| OUTREACH | Outreach and continuing education courses to involve new restoration ecology stakeholders. restoration, continuing education, outreach, urban ecology FULL ABSTRACT |
| OUTREACH | 105 Outreach by Hampton University students sponsored by SEEDS. SEEDS, outreach, education, Hampton University FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVER-SOWING | 45 Re-vegetation technologies to restore degraded semi-arid rangelands in South Africa. over-sowing, organic material, Digitaria eriantha, Chloris gayana FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERFLOW CHANNEL MANAGEMENT | 64 An appraisal of nesting song bird habitat, Coyote Creek Riparian Station, 1994-1998. riparian restoration, overflow channel management, geothlypis trichas sinuosa, melospiza melodia santaecrucis FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERGROWTH COMPETITION | Overgrowth competition and sex ratio dynamics using a spatially explicit sub-indiviual-based (SESUB) model. overgrowth competition, sub-individual-based (SESUB) model, sex-ratio dynamics, metapopulation FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERSTORY | 151 Influence of forest canopy on microclimate, growth and quality of a cool-season perennial grass. silvopastoral, Dactylis glomerata, overstory, shade FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERSTORY-UNDERSTORY INTERACTIONS | 133 Hydraulic lift: Evidence of soil moisture redistribution by Prosopis glanduosa in a semi-arid savanna parkland in southern Texas. argillic horizon, competition, facilitation, overstory-understory interactions FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERSTORY-UNDERSTORY INTERACTIONS | 129 Edaphic influences on woody plant facilitation and competition in a subtropical savanna. plant/soil water relations, photosynthesis, argillic horizon, overstory-understory interactions FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERWINTER | 37 Effect of larval size on overwinter survival and emerging adult size in a burying beetle. body size, mortality, population dynamics, overwinter FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERWINTERING HABITAT | 144 Source-sink dynamics of an arthropod predator in a heterogeneous environment: The role of spatial refuges. source/sink dynamics, overwintering habitat, Pardosa littoralis FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVERYIELDING | 115 Diversity effects on productivity in different environments: Experiments using communities of annual plants. species diversity, productivity, overyielding, sampling effect FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVIPOSITION | Effects of resources and risk on reproductive habitat selection in aquatic organisms. habitat selection, oviposition, predation, metacommunity FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVIPOSITION | The effects of variation in predator density on anuran oviposition and larval performance. oviposition, predation, anuran, larval performance FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVIPOSITION | Interactive effects of movement and oviposition preference on egg distribution of a chrysomelid beetle . oviposition, egg distribution, herbivorous insects, random walk FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVIPOSITION | Effect of oviposition site choice on anuran performance. oviposition, environmental effects, offspring performance, Rana FULL ABSTRACT |
| OVIPOSITION | Effects of habitat heterogeneity on oviposition preferences of the endangered Karner blue butterfly. Lycaeides melissa samuelis, oviposition, habitat heterogeniety, Lepidoptera FULL ABSTRACT |
| OXIDATION | 153 Methane oxidation in successional and agricultural ecosystems: Effects of nitrogen, soil disturbance, and precipitation. methane, oxidation, arable soils, greebhouse gases FULL ABSTRACT |
| OYSTER REEF HABITAT | The challenge of scaling restoration projects to achieve quantitative benefits. restoration scaling, oyster reef habitat, restoration prediction FULL ABSTRACT |
| OZONE | 75 Changes in insect herbivore communities along an ozone and nitrogen deposition gradient in the San Bernardino Mountains. nitrogen deposition, ozone, insect herbivore community, mixed conifer forest FULL ABSTRACT |
| OZONE DEPLETION | The effects of solar UV-B on growth and phenylpropanoids of Deschampsia antarctica. Deschampsia antarctica, ozone depletion , ultraviolet-B, Antarctica FULL ABSTRACT |
| OZONE DEPLETION | 29 Plant responses to four levels of sub-ambient UV-B radiation: investigating the saturation hypothesis. ultraviolet-B radiation, ozone depletion, leaf screening, growth response FULL ABSTRACT |
| OZONE HOLE | 51 UV-B affects decomposition and decomposers in a native ecosystem in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. ultraviolet-B radiation, ozone hole, decomposition process, Gunnera magellanica FULL ABSTRACT |