SUBJECT INDEX
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z
| USA) | Application of a sulfur biogeochemical model with isotopes to Sleepers River, Vermont, USA. Sleepers River Watershed (Vermont, USA), Sulfur isotopes, Dry to wet S deposition ratio, Sulfur weathering  FULL ABSTRACT |
| UV-B RADIATION | Partitioning the effects of UV-A and UV-B in the Development of UV-B screening compounds in soybean Glycine max, under field conditions. UV-B radiation, action spectra, UV-screening compounds, flavonoids FULL ABSTRACT |
| UV-SCREENING COMPOUNDS | Partitioning the effects of UV-A and UV-B in the Development of UV-B screening compounds in soybean Glycine max, under field conditions. UV-B radiation, action spectra, UV-screening compounds, flavonoids FULL ABSTRACT |
| UCHALLI WETLANDS COMPLEX | Ecological studies of Uchalli Wetlands Complex, Pakistan with a note on their deteriorating status and conservation. Avian Diversity, Wetlands, Uchalli Wetlands Complex, Pakistan, Ecology Conservation FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNCERTAINTY | Predicting discrete secondary spread of aquatic invasive species. Spatial spread, Uncertainty, Risk Assessment, Monitoring FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNCERTAINTY | 9 A meta-analysis of annual global terrestrial net primary productivity. Biosphere, Carbon cycle, Global change, Uncertainty FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS | Estimation of carbon fluxes and stocks and their uncertainty in a tropical forest of Colombia. Tropical forests, Forest carbon pools and fluxes, Uncertainty analysis FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTOREY GAPS | Small understorey gaps created by subsistence harvesters do not adversely affect the maintenance of tree diversity in a sub-tropical forest. Understorey gaps, Tree regeneration, Light intensity, Nutrients availability FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTOREY PLANT DIVERSITY | 89 Response of understorey plant diversity to reduced forest structural heterogeneity. Understorey plant diversity, sugar grove management, soil pH, path analysis FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY LIGHT AVAILABILITY | 111 Seasonal variation in the understory light availability and canopy structure of invasive Norway maple and native sugar maple and American beech. Understory Light Availability, Canopy Structure, Acer platanoides, Invasive Species FULL ABSTRACT |
| UPPER REACHES OF MINJIANG RIVER | 178 Landscape pattern change at the upper reaches of Minjiang River and its driving force. Upper reaches of Minjiang River, Landscape patterns, Driving force analysis FULL ABSTRACT |
| UPWELLING | Macroecological patterns in macroalgae. Macroecology, Macroalgae, Species richness, Upwelling FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOSYSTEMS | Automating the measurement of spatial landscape heterogeneity using object-oriented classification. GIS, Imagery, Spatial Analysis, Urban Ecosystems FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN SYSTEMS | Allometric scaling and urban systems. Scaling, Urban Systems FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN BIOTOPE MAPPING | Ecological heterogeneity: Conceptual and practical applications in urban areas of South Africa. Urban biotope mapping, Urbanization gradients, Spatial Development Frameworks FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOSYSTEM | Sustainable environmental management strategy: International cooperation and ecological solution. Environmental management, International cooperation, Social capacity, Urban ecosystem FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ENVIRONMENT | 206 Extraction of detailed distribution characteristics of vegetation cover in Tokyo by using high-resolution satellite images. Urban environment, Vegetation, Tree, High resolution satellite image FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN STRESS | 204 Growth of Quercus stellata seedlings following mycorrhizal inoculation: a potential promoter for survival in an urban environment. Mycorrhizae, Quercus stellata, Urban stress FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | 198 Uncertainty in Estimation of Impervious Surface Based on Multi-Scale Remotely Sensed Data: Scale Effect. Scale, Remote sensing, Impervious Surface, Urbanization FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Using landscape level processes to predict areas of concern for aquatic freshwater fishes. Freshwater fish ecology, Urbanization, Predictive modelling, Biodiversity and imperilment FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION GRADIENTS | Ecological heterogeneity: Conceptual and practical applications in urban areas of South Africa. Urban biotope mapping, Urbanization gradients, Spatial Development Frameworks FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZED ESTUARIES | Biotic and abiotic factors controlling recolonization processes in boulder-fields located in highly urbanized estuaries. Recolonization, Boulder-fields, Urbanized estuaries, Benthos FULL ABSTRACT |
| URCHIN | A Spatial Model of Urchin-Kelp Dynamics on Rocky Subtidal Shores in Nova Scotia, Canada. Modelling, Kelp, Urchin, Herbivory FULL ABSTRACT |
| ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION | Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on Norway spruce during five years exposure. norway spruce, ultraviolet radiation FULL ABSTRACT |
| ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION | Indirect effects of ultraviolet radiation stress on ephemeral pond communities: who can take the heat? indirect effects, amphibian larvae, ultraviolet radiation, competition FULL ABSTRACT |
| ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION | Landscape-scale risk assessment for current and future UV-B exposure of alpine amphibians of the Pacific Northwest. ultraviolet radiation, amphibian declines, risk analysis, dissolved organic matter FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNCERTAINTY | Quantifying uncertainty in predictions of invasiveness. invasive screening, Bayesian, uncertainty, bootstrapping FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNCERTAINTY | 1 Uncertainty analysis of WETLAND-DNDC: Errors and critical parameters for predicting carbon dynamics in wetland ecosystems. wetland, soil, uncertainty, model FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS | Challenges to estimating nocturnal CO2 fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems using micrometeorological, ecophysiological and modelling techniques. ecosystem respiration, eddy covariance, chamber measurements, uncertainty analysis FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNCERTAINTY OF SILL ESTIMATES | Assessing relationships between ecological variables at multiple spatial scales under the linear model of coregionalization. Part 2: Testing aspects. structural correlations, modified tests of significance, effective sample size, uncertainty of sill estimates FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDER-REPRESENTED GROUPS | Peer-mentoring and Long-Term Ecological Research. peer-mentoring, authentic science, under-represented groups FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE | 217 Ecology without borders: An experiment integrating Canadian and Brazilian undergraduates in a remnant Atlantic rain forest of northeast of Brazil. undergraduate, Atlantic Forest, ecology education, environment education, deforestation FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE | 244 Toward a unified undergraduate ecology curriculum. curriculum, undergraduate, ecology FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE | 234 How is the SEEDS program doing? SEEDS, assessment, underrepresented, undergraduate FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE | 218 Design of an ecological biochemistry course to encourage interdisciplinary exchange among undergraduates. undergraduate, chemistry, interdisciplinary, course design FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION | 233 Can they write it? Yes they can! Teaching scientific writing within a major's introductory ecology course. scientific writing, introductory ecology, undergraduate education FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION | 247 Out standing in the field- but are they? Retaining field-based labs in ecology courses. general ecology, undergraduate education, field-based laboratories FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION | 240 If we take them, they will learn: Field-based exercises in a non-major's ecology course. undergraduate education, general education, ecosystem-based laboratories, Sustainable Biosphere Initiative FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION | Forging cross-cultural ties in ecology: The NSF-CRUSA Research Experiences for Undergraduates Program in Costa Rica. undergraduate education, tropical ecology, international research experiences, minority recruitment FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERGRADUATE SCIENCE | It's all about learning: The case for scientific teaching. undergraduate science, education FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERREPRESENTED | 234 How is the SEEDS program doing? SEEDS, assessment, underrepresented, undergraduate FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTOREY PLANT | Photosynthetic and growth responses of Cacalia adenostyloides to the changing light environment by wave -regeneration of Abiesforest. understorey plant, photosynthesis, acclomation, wave-regeneration FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY | Herbaceous community change in pine-dominated stands of the Piedmont over a 23 year interval. succession, understory, forest change, Piedmont FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY | Light requirements for a xeric sedge in a Juniperus woodland. Juniperus, Carex planostachys, physiology, understory FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY | 115 Shade tolerance in the invasive ground cover Euonymous fortunei. light competition, clonal, understory, photosynthesis FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY | 122 Response of a mixed longleaf (Pinus palustris) and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) community to long-term dormant season prescribed burning. longleaf, fire, understory FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY FIRE | Examining the interactive effects of deer browsing, understory fire, and canopy gaps on eastern forest dynamics. What's driving the patterns? forest regeneration, deer browsing, understory fire FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY PLANTS | Understory plant composition and diversity as indicators of ecological condition in partially-harvested boreal forests. partial harvest, boreal forest, understory plants, community composition FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY SEEDLINGS | 64 Early above- and below-ground responses of sub-boreal conifer seedlings to various levels of canopy removal. canopy opening, above- and below ground response, understory seedlings, boreal forest FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY SHRUB | 136 Population size structure and spatial pattern in native (Dirca palustris)and exotic ( Lonicera maackii) forest understory shrubs. invasive species, Lonicera maackii, Dirca palustris, understory shrub FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY SPECIES | Changing richness of plant species aids reclamation on smelter-damaged lands in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. reclamation, transplants, understory species, Sudbury FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY STRUCTURE | Determining the ecological value of plantations based on understory structure and function. ecological value, plant functional group, plantation, understory structure FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY VEGETATION | Patterns in understory vegetation distributions across gap openings in variable density thinned forest stands in western Oregon. canopy gaps, understory vegetation, thinning, gap partitioning FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNDERSTORY VEGETATION | Characterizing understory vegetation response to variable density thinnings in young Douglas-fir forest of western Oregon. variable density thinning, understory vegetation FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNEQUAL PROBABILITY SAMPLING | Sampling biodiversity inventory and monitoring. survey design, unequal probability sampling FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNGULATES | The seasonal migration of wildebeest in the Serengeti as a driver of community dynamics in resident herbivores and predators. Serengeti, migration, spatial subsidies, ungulates FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNGULATES | Impacts of large mammals on snakes in an African savanna. food web ecology, ungulates, small mammals, snake FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNICOLONIALITY | 181 Unicoloniality, invasiveness, and evolutionary stability. unicoloniality, ants, invasive species, evolution of cooperation FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNIDIRECTIONAL FLOW | Population response to environmental stress at multiple spatial scales in systems with unidirectional flow. population dynamics, scale, streams and rivers, unidirectional flow FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNIFIED SCALING MODEL | Spatial models of food webs. spatial scaling, food web structure, unified scaling model FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNISEXUAL SALAMANDERS | 12 Nice and easy identification of Ambystoma hybrids. Ambystoma, hybridization, species-specific primers, unisexual salamanders FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNPREDICTABLE RAINFALL | How low can you go? Plant diversity remains low after a large wildfire in the arid zone. arid zone, wild fire, unpredictable rainfall, multiple spatial scales FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNROADED FOREST TRACKS | Roads, national forests and the protection of unroaded forest tracks in the mid-Atlantic. roads, unroaded forest tracks, mid-atlantic, conservation FULL ABSTRACT |
| UNSATURATED COMMUNITIES | 220 Test of species richness saturation in weed communities associated with functionally contrasting field crops. biological invasions, diversity, mass effects, unsaturated communities FULL ABSTRACT |
| UP-SCALING ALGORITHM | 7 Improving and testing an up-scaling algorithm for photosynthesis process in a long-term terrestrial ecosystem carbon budget model. up-scaling algorithm, photosynthesis process, terrestrial ecosystem, long-term carbon budget model FULL ABSTRACT |
| UPLAND CHORUS FROG | 13 Distribution of the upland chorus frog, Pseudacris feriarum feriarum, in Central Mississippi. upland chorus frog, Pseudacris feriarum feriarum FULL ABSTRACT |
| UPROOTING | Factors influencing the damage of a montane secondary forest induced by snow/wind in northeastern China. snow/wind damage, secondary forest, stem breakage, uprooting FULL ABSTRACT |
| UPSCALING | 163 Total N2O emissions from drained forest histosols in Sweden – an upscaling based on C:N ratios. nitrous oxide, upscaling, C:N ratio, histosols FULL ABSTRACT |
| UPSCALING | Remote sensing and grassland biomass estimation at multiple spatial scales in an alpine grassland. remote sensing, upscaling, biomass, grassland FULL ABSTRACT |
| URANIUM | 236 Assessment of uranium levels in groundwater in Church Rock Chapter of Navajo Nation. uranium, Navajo Nation, Church Rock Chapter, groundwater wells FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Reconceptualizing land cover in urban areas: A novel approach for spatial integration. urban, heterogeneity, land cover, water quality FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Survivorship in restored woodland clusters on Fresh Kills Landfill 8 years after planting. restoration, urban, woodland, landfills FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Hydrological heterogeneity in urban ecosystems: Integrating the built, modified, and relict hydrologies with social and ecological processes. urban, hydrology, nitrogen cycling FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Pre-restoration geomorphic and sedment conditions of Minebank Run, Baltimore County, Maryland. stream restoration, sediment dynamics, urban FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Effects of local and regional habitat variables on urban insect diversity. urban, insect, biodiversity, gardens FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Effects of urbanization on riparian avian communities during spring migration. urban, riparian, stopover, migrants FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Evaluating ecosystem function in urban stream restoration. restoration, riparian, wildlife, urban FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Historical land use and vegetation gradients along a rural to urban riparian zone. urban, historical, riparian, forest FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Plant community development over an eight-year period on seven sites in the Toronto urban core. urban, community, naturalization, monitoring FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Carbon Assimilation, Allocation and Storage Capacity of Urban Forests. carbon, urban, forests FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN | Pollination in an urbanizing environment: effects of habitat fragmentation on wild bee assemblages. fragmentation, pollination, urban, pollinator assemblage FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN CONSERVATION | 188 Do suburban greenways provide high quality bird habitat? urban conservation, greenway design, avian conservation, nest predators FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY | Integrating terrestrial and marine heterogeneity in the re-design of an urban waterfront. urban ecology, landscape ecology, hierarchical patch dynamics, pattern and scale FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY | Biotic constraints to the restoration of natural habitats in urban environments. restoration, urban ecology, mutualists FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY | Is there a metabolism of an urban ecosystem? Exploring the integration of ecology and economics through the eco-efficiency of Christchurch, New Zealand. urban ecology, energy and material flow, land use, ecological economics FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY | Isotopic indicators of ecological processes in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area. urban ecology, isotopes, evapotranspiration, biosphere-atmosphere FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY | 203 Effects of Predators and Landscaping Type on Avian Ground Foraging Behavior in Phoenix Parks. urban ecology, trophic dynamics, foraging behavior, human landscaping decisions FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY | 31 When have we looked hard enough? Incorporating plant detectability and sampling effort into threatened species legislation. biodiversity, threatened species, detectability, urban ecology FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY | Urban ecological experiments as public art. urban ecology, public art, human, design FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOLOGY EDUCATION | 227 Using wetland seed bank studies to integrate spatial, temporal and biological scales in ecology education. wetland seed bank study, urban ecology education, ecology learning theory application, ecology teacher preparation FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOSYSTEM | Evaluation index for green capacity of an urban ecosystem. green city, evaluation index, urban ecosystem, environmental policy FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOSYSTEM | 201 Restoration of urban ecosystems: Challenges and opportunities. urban ecosystem, restoration, greenways, invasive plants FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN ECOSYSTEMS | The spatial distribution of soil carbon and nitrogen in a regional matrix of urban, agricultural, and desert ecosystems. land use change, soil carbon storage, soil nitrogen storage, urban ecosystems FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN EFFECTS | Contrasting patterns of tree recruitment in urban and rural forest stands in Louisville, Kentucky. urban effects, forest remnants, tree recruitment, land-use change FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN FOREST | Physiology and water use of native and non-native trees in the Salt Lake City, Utah, urban forest. water relations, gas exchange, urban forest FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN FOREST | Successional dynamics of the urban forest in the Phoenix metropolitan. urban forest, disturance, urbanization, socio-ecological system FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN FOREST | Structure and heterogeneity of urban vegetation landscape in Shenyang. landscape structure, landscape heterogeneity, urban forest FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN GREEN SPACE | 205 Resident perception and attitude towards urban green spaces in Guangzhou. urban green space, environmental function, visitor perception, Guangzhou FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN GREEN SPACES | Ecological indicators of urban ecosystem for environmental management. biodiversity conservation, ecological indicators, management process, urban green spaces FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN HEAT ISLAND | Characteristics and management of urban ecosystem in metropolitan area of South Korea: In case of Incheon city. eco-city, ecosystem network, biodiversity, urban heat island FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN LAND USE | Effects of land use on deposition impact to an urban river. particulates, urban land use, water quality, river restoration FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN LAND-USE EFFECTS | 209 Potential nitrogen mineralization responses to elevated temperatures in oak forest remnants along an urban-rural gradient in Kentucky. soil nitrogen mineralization, urban land-use effects, forests, soil warming FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN LANDSCAPE | Heterogeneity and the complexity of coupled natural-human systems. urban landscape, heterogeneity, emergent properties, scale FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN VEGETATION | Remotely Sensing Analysis of Urban Land Cover Components at Multiple Scales. urban vegetation, Impervious surface, subpixel analysis, land use/land cover FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN WATERSHED | Land cover classification of an urban storm drain watershed using a high categorical resolution system. urban watershed, land cover FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN WETLAND | Land-use legacies in an urban wetland. land-use history, historical ecology, urban wetland FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBAN WETLANDS | The Effects of Urbanization on Nitrate Removal Capacity of Urban Wetlands. hydrogeomorphic setting, urban wetlands, nitrification, hydrology FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Scars on the land: Two centuries of human disturbance of New England salt marshes. salt marsh, land use, urbanization, ditching FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Urbanization and biotic homogenization. biotic homogenization, urbanization, alien species FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Surviving in a warmer, more urban world: a process-based, temporally explicit habitat model for fish. urbanization, climate change, modelling, stream ecology FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Watershed urbanization and ecological thresholds in streams: influences of physiography, watershed size and spatial arrangement of impervious cover. ecological thresholds, watersheds, urbanization, streams FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | 202 North American bird community dynamics in urban and rural habitats. Breeding Bird Survey, community change, species richness, urbanization FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | 211 Effects of urbanization and river modification on the soil seed bank of the Salt River, Arizona. seed bank, riparian, urbanization FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Connecting the dots: How economic activities on the landscape affect stream ecosystem health. integrated assessment, urbanization, stream health FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | 199 Graveyards and herps: urbanization and the survival of Montreal salamanders. fragmentation, genetic diversity, red-backed salamander, urbanization FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Successional dynamics of the urban forest in the Phoenix metropolitan. urban forest, disturance, urbanization, socio-ecological system FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZATION | Impacts of urbanization and land cover on riparian woody plant diversity, structure, and composition in the Piedmont of Georgia, USA. urbanization, riparian forests, biodiversity, invasive species FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZING ENVIRONMENTS | 189 Influences of topographic setting, planted species composition, and soil treatment on ecosystem development in a restored urban wetland. wetland restoration, ecosystem development, diversity, urbanizing environments FULL ABSTRACT |
| URBANIZING LANDSCAPE | Wetland restoration in urbanizing landscapes: Challenges and possible strategies. wetland and riparian restoration, urbanizing landscape, restoration strategies, reference criteria FULL ABSTRACT |
| URCHINS | Effects of disease on aquatic communities. trematodes, urchins, estuaries, marine FULL ABSTRACT |
| URIC ACID | 11 Fasting increases 15N/14N ratios in the uric acid of Anolis carolinensis and Uta stansburiana. nitrogen, uric acid, Uta stansburiana, Anolis carolinensis FULL ABSTRACT |
| UV-B RADIATION | 152 Growth and physiology of sugar maple (Acer saccharum) seedlings from various seed sources when exposed to UV-B radiation. acer saccharum, uv-b radiation, physiology, calorimetry FULL ABSTRACT |