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Productivity and optimal environmental conditions for an endangered cactus on the Yucatán peninsula. Cervera, J. Carlos*,1, Andrade, José Luis*,1, Graham, Eric*,1, 2, Simá, José Luis*,1, 1 Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán (CICY), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico2 University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA ABSTRACT- Due to human disturbances, there are 120 cactus species recognized by the Mexican government as endangered or threatened. Most attempts at managing such species involve cataloging locations and attempting to re-establish individuals in locations under similar meteorological conditions. We proposed the introduction of a previously-validated physiologically-based tool, an Environmental Productivity Index (EPI), for predicting growth and then more accurately assessing suitable conditions for the reintroduction of endangered and endemic species. Net CO2 uptake responses for Mammillaria gaumeri, an endangered endemic globular cactus from Yucatán, were determined under controlled independent variations of soil water status, air temperature and photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) in a laboratory at Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán. Each of these environmental factors was represented by an index with an a value of unity when the factor was not limiting net CO2 uptake over a 24-h period. Simultaneously, measurements of micrometeorology, net CO2 uptake and growth were made over successive dry, wet and nortes seasons in natural populations in Yucatán to validate EPI in the field. Sites with temperatures always above 15 °C, PPF between 38 and 20 mol photons m-2 day-1, and soil water potential above -4.0 MPa are suitable for M. gaumeri growth. However, maximum growth is reached when air temperature is between 20 and 30 °C, with a PPF of 32 mol photons m-2 day-1, and soil water potential is near field capacity. M. gaumeri has the potential to grow beyond its natural occurring range. This is the first time EPI is used to determine periods and locations of maximum growth potential for an endangered species. SPANISH ABSTRACT- Debido a las perturbaciones humanas, 120 especies de cactáceas están reconocidas por el gobierno de México como amenazadas o en peligro de extinción. La mayoría de los intentos de manejo de estas especies involucran la catalogación de localidades y el restablecimiento de individuos en sitios con ambiente similar. Propusimos agregar el uso de una herramienta fisiológica: el |
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