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Biotic index for water quality monitoring in the Ayuquila River, Mexico. Martínez R., Luis Manuel *,1, Olguin, José Luis 1, Aguirre G., Angel1, 1 Universidad de Guadalajara, Autlan de Navarro, Jalisco, Mexico ABSTRACT- The Ayuquila river systems are greatest in the state of Colima and the second in Jalisco. The Ayuquila is considered an important aquatic resource for the biodiversity protection biodiversity of the Sierra of Manantlan Biosphere Mountain, one of most important protected natural areas in western Mexico, nevertheless, the contamination and the ecological deterioration have decreased these important fishing resources. Identified the point sources of contamination are the residual water unloading from sugar mill, the urban residual waters from Autlan and the Grullo cities, both with a population of 70.000 inhabitants. A biotic index of fish was used from 1998, after an environmental wreck, to evaluate the quality of the water and the habitat of the Ayuquila River, as live indicator of pollution impact. The Index of Biotic Integrity was taken based in the methodology described by Lyons et. al., (1995) using the following criteria of evaluation: Number of found native species, position in the water, tolerances to the contamination, type of feeding and form of reproduction. The biotic index with fish allowed us to identify the impact of the disturbances of long term in the fish and the quality of the water. Advantages and disadvantages of the use of fish for the Biotic Index has difficulty the accomplishment of the sampling in addition, requires a representative sample of variability of species and characteristics, nevertheless fish are easy to identify, give a better idea of the conditions of habitat in addition and is a good indicator in the long term. SPANISH ABSTRACT- El sistema del río Ayuquila-Armería es el más grande en el estado de Colima y el segundo en Jalisco. El Ayuquila es el considerado un recurso acuático importante para la protección biodiversidad de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, una de las áreas naturales protegidas mas importantes del occidente de México., sin embargo, la contaminación y el deterioro ecológico ha mermado estos importantes recursos pesqueros. Las fuentes puntuales de contaminación identificadas son la descarga de aguas residuales de un ingenio azucarero, las aguas residuales de las ciudades de Autlan y El Grullo, ambas con una población de 70,000 habitantes. Se utilizó un índice biótico de peces desde 1998, después de un siniestro ambiental, para evaluar la calidad del agua y el habitat del río Ayuquila, como un indicador vivo del impacto de la contaminación. Para la definición de |
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