The effect of seeding depth and soil type on emergence and seedling vigor of eight forbs. Coleman, Jennifer ^*,1, Anderson, Val J. ^*,, Johnson, Robert ^*,, ¹ Integrative Biology, Provo, UT

ABSTRACT- In 2003 a study was done comparing the effect of seeding depth (0, 1/8 inch, 1/4 inch, 1/2 inch and 1 inch) and soil type (sandy loam and clay loam) on emergence and seedling vigor of several forbs species (Agoseris glauca, Sphraeralcea coccinea, Sphraeralcea grossulariifolia, Eriogonum ovalifolium, Astragalus utahensis, and Tragopogon dubius). In 2004 a follow-up study was done to validate the finds of 2003 and to add results found when Crepis acuminata and Phlox longifolia were examined. The same methods of planting the species in 2 inch deep flats were employed. The results obtained in the second study were very similar to the 2003 data. Overall emergence was best at seeding depth 1/8 inch (exceptions were in sandy loam: best seeding depth for both Sphraeralcea species was at 1/4 inch). In some cases a third emergence study was performed. In all studies emergence was higher using the sandy loam soil.

KEY WORDS: Seeding Depth, Seedling Vigor, 8 Forbs