PARENT SESSION
9:00 AM to 11:00 AM
Wednesday, April 24, 2002
Symposium 21
Role of ATM and ATR
Room: Nevada 6-7
Chair: Jung, Mira22Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington DC, DC, Co-Chair: Lavin, Maritn33Queensland Institute of Medical REsearch, Bancroft Centre, GPO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Speakers: Lavin, Martin4; Jung, Mira5; Cimprich, Karlene64Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Bancroft Centre, GPO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia5Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3970 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington DC, DC6Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
(S21-) Role of ATM and ATR.
Jung, Mira*,1, 1 Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
ABSTRACT-
Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is a multi-systemic autosomal recessive disease characterized by diverse clinical symptoms that include neuronal degeneration, immune deficiency, and cancer predisposition. Cells from patients with AT are exquisitely sensitive to ionizing radiation and radiomimetic drugs, and exhibit defects in multiple signaling pathways. In 1995 and 1996, the atm gene product (ATM) that is mutated in AT patients, and ATR (atm and rad3-related), have been isolated, respectively. Structural analysis has revealed that both contains a phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase (PI-3K) domain which is believed to be involved in mitogenic signal transduction, meiotic recombination, cell cycle control, and DNA damage repair. Since then, a significant progress has been made in understanding roles of these two protein kinases. Recent molecular and biological studies have demonstrated that ATM and ATR play important roles in DNA-damage induced signaling networks in mammalian cells, leading to cell cycle checkpoint controls, DNA damage repair processes, chromatin modulation, and transcriptional regulation. Thus, the session will present an overview of currently known functions of ATM and ATR and focus on their roles in maintaining genomic integrity, chromatin modification, DNA damage and replication checkpoints.
KEYWORDS: ATM/ATR, chromatin modification, cell cycle checkpoint, DNA damage rapair