PARENT SESSION
IP10 - Vapor Phase Phytotoxicity Testing
Chair: Kapustka, Lawrence1, 1 5010 SW Hout Street, Corvallis, OR, USA
Co-chair: Gorsuch, Joseph2, Bradlee, Christopher3, 2 1100 Ridgeway Avenue, Rochester, NY, USA3 1609 Biddle Avenue, Wayandotte, MI
8:00 AM to 12:00 PM - Wednesday, 20 November 2002
Room Room 150 G
(IP78) Effects on growth and morphology in higher plants in a plant fumigation test with aniline.
Gamer, Armin1, Jatzek, Hans-Juergen1, Wiench, Karin*,1, 1 BASF AG, Product Safety, Regulations, Toxicology, Ecology, Ludwigshafen, Germany
ABSTRACT- Based on international standards like ISO 11269-2:1995 and OECD Guideline 208, a test method was developed and established to determine effects of chemical vapors in controlled atmospheres on higher plants (coast fir, oats and Chinese cabbage). After a 7 day pre-exposure period, in which seeds of oats and Chinese cabbage could emergence, groups of 20 plants per species and test-/control-group were exposed continuously (with a break of about 60 min/day for watering and examination of the plants for macroscopic changes) to aniline concentrations of 0; 0.1; 0.3 and 1 mg/m3 for 14 days. Pretests showed the importance of avoiding precipitation of substance onto the surfaces of the exposure chambers and plants. This was achieved by vapor generation with continuous infusion pumps and thermostated glass evaporators, which produced stable atmospheres in 200 l glass exposure systems with high effectiveness within minutes. The concentrations were determined twice daily by HPLC measurement of atmosphere samples. Real time surveillance of the high concentration with a total hydrocarbon analyzer was possible. At the end of the exposure period, plant length, wet and dry weight and macroscopic / microscopic effects on the plants were determined. Based on the observed changes NOECs and LOECs were established.The exposure to aniline in concentrations up to 1 mg/m3 had no effect on coast fir and oats. The concentration of 1 mg/m3 significantly reduced dry and wet weight as well as shoot length of Chinese cabbage. Therefore the NOEC for aniline in the atmosphere in this test system was 1 mg/m3 for coast fir and oats and 0.3 mg/m3 for Chinese cabbage.
Key words: aniline, plant, fumigation