PM04 Phthalate Esters: Fate and Effects
Exhibit Hall
8:00 AM - Monday
(PM026) The occurrence and pattern of DEHP in sediment samples from Stockholm and the Baltic Sea.
Remberger, M1, Sternbeck, J1, Brorström-Lundén, E2, Kaj, L1, Junedahl, E2, Cato, I3, Palm, A1, 1 IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd, Stockholm, Sweden2 IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd, Gothenburg, Sweden3 SGU Geological Survey of Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden
ABSTRACT- The occurrence of the 32 water framework directive (WFD) priority substances has been determined in surface sediments from Stockholm and the adjoining Baltic Sea coast. In addition, six other metals, PCBs, DDTs, tetrabromobisphenol A and chlordanes were determined. Three different environments were investigated: urban area, suburban lakes, and coastal region, in total 34 stations. The following organic substances were detected in most sediment samples: 4-nonylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol, PAH, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), C10-13 chloroalkanes, pentachlorophenol, hexachlorocyclohexanes, chlorfenvinphos, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and tributyltin.The heterogeneous nature of the lakes is evident, concentrations spanning over three orders of magnitude. The lowest concentrations are similar to the range previously reported from remote Swedish lakes (10-400 ng/g dw). Also central Stockholm is heterogeneous whereas the coastal region is relatively uniform. It is conclude that DEHP in anaerobic sediment is stable under environmental conditions (KemI, 2001). Thus, the wide concentration range we observe is likely to result from differences in the load. This suggests that local sources in each catchment have a major control on the distribution of DEHP, particularly in the lakes.The organic substances that are present in consumer products i.e. DEHP, alkylphenols, PBDE, C10-13 chloroalkanes, are enriched in central Stockholm and the lakes relative to the coast.The pattern of DEHP and the alkylphenols are unique in the sense that concentrations are generally higher in the lakes than in central Stockholm. It is proposed that a major factor contributing to this pattern is the relatively modern communities in many lake catchments, as compared to central Stockholm.
Key words: Alkylphenols,