PT06 Organic, Metallic, Organometallic Pollutants
Exhibit Hall
8:00 AM - Tuesday
(PT082) Acute aquatic toxicity of mono- and dialkyltin chlorides to freshwater fish, daphnia, and algae.
Phipps, T.1, Currie, S.1, Farr, C.2, Murphy, S.2, Costlow, R.3, Thomson, M.4, 1 Parametrix, Bellevue, WA, USA2 ATOFINA Chemicals, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, USA3 Rohm and Haas Co., Spring House, PA, USA4 Crompton Corp., Middlebury, CT, USA
ABSTRACT- In 1998, the USEPA launched the HPV Challenge Program, which called for chemical manufacturers to voluntarily commit to provide basic screening-level hazard data for high production volume (HPV) chemicals they manufacture. The organotin industry, through the Stabilizer Task Force of the Organotin Environmental Programme Association (ORTEP), volunteered 27 organotin and related inorganic compounds for this program. The mono- and dialkyltin chlorides — monomethyltin trichloride (MMTC), dimethyltin dichloride (DMTC), monobutyltin trichloride (MBTC), dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC), monooctyltin trichloride (MOTC), and dioctyltin dichloride (DOTC) — are primarily used as industrial intermediates to manufacture other organotin compounds, some of which are used as heat stabilizers for PVC and other plastics. Butyltin and octyltin compounds of industrial importance are sparingly soluble in water due to their strong hydrophobic character. The mono- and dimethyltin chlorides are unique, in that they are very soluble in water, but are also volatile. Acute ecotoxicity studies were conducted using the Water Soluble Fraction (WSF), filtered saturated solutions, or as serial dilutions. The toxicity of these compounds to a fish (Brachydanio rerio), an invertebrate (Daphnia magna), and an alga (Scendesmus subspicatus) was tested following 96-h, 48-h, and 72-h exposures, respectively. Studies were conducted using standard OECD test guidelines, and exposure concentrations were analytically measured. The results indicate that under standard test conditions, D. magna and S. subspicatus were more sensitive than B. rerio. Limited ecotoxicity data based on standard tests of these alkyltin chlorides exist; however, the current results suggest that there is a low potential for environmental effects from alkyltin chlorides.
Key words: toxicity, organotins, HPV