RP9 Terrestrial Ecotoxicology
Thursday, 17 November 2005: 8:00 AM - 6:30 PM in Exhibit Hall

(YES-1117-805201) Evaluation of the genotoxicity of some textile dyes and wastewater.

Yesilada, E¹, Ozata, L², Dogan, E³, ¹ Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey² Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey³ Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey

ABSTRACT- In the present study, four textile dyes namely Chrocion Scarlet, Chrocion Yellow, Remazol Turquoise Blue, Remazol Red RR and textile wastewater were evaluated for mutagenic and recombinagenic effects using the wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster (somatic mutation and recombination test, SMART). The standard cross (ST) and the improved high-bioactivation cross (HB) were used. The latter cross is characterized by a high sensitivity to promutagens and procarcinogens. Three-day-old larvae, transheterozygous for the multiple wing hairs and flare genes, were chronically fed with different concentrations of test compounds. Feeding ended with pupation of the surviving larvae and the genetic changes induced in somatic cells of the imaginal discs of the wings lead to the formation of mutant clones on the wing blade. Point mutation, chromosome breakage and mitotic recombination produce single spots; while twin spots are produced only by mitotic recombination. All concentrations of textile dyes and textile wastewater, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and urethane caused a decrease in survival proportional to concentration used. Treatment of the standard and the high-bioactivation crosses with Chrocion Yellow, Remazol Turquoise Blue and Remazol Red RR gave positive results, apparent from increase in the frequency of the single spots. Chrocion Scarlet gave inconsistent result in both crosses. Textile wastewater increased the number of all spots type in both crosses and proved to be more genotoxic in the HB cross than in the ST cross. This study proved the genotoxicity of these textile dyes, and suggested that further studies should be made on other dyes and some other toxic industrial pollutant discharges in ecosystems, using D. melanogaster wing spot test as an indicator to monitor pollutant genotoxicity.

Key words: Drosophila melanogaster, wing spot test, genotoxicity, textile dye