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(415) An estimation of ecological risk of failures on oil pipelines of Russia. Kossyreva, Elena1, Yelokhin, Andrey2, Menshikov, Valery1, 1 2 ABSTRACT- The pollution of an environment by petroleum occurring as a result of failures on pipelines is one of the most urgent ecological problems of Russia. In this report the assembled statistical data on emergencies on pipelines of Russian Federation and analysis of the basic reasons of occurrence of failures will be submitted. The risk and ecological damage for "Nizhnekamsk to Naberezhnie Chelni" pipeline is estimated using a technique of account of ecological damage on pipelines of Russia. The analysis shows that the basic contribution to expected damage from failure is connected to the formation of longitudinal cracks in pipelines. The volumes of flood of petroleum with such breaks are much higher than those with corrosion fistulas; the former can reach thousands of tons. The analysis of the existing methodical approaches to an estimation of risk of failures on pipelines of Russia is submitted. A number of possible measures on decrease of potential danger of pipelines such as constant supervision of tightness of pipelines, device of protective structures, development of the plans of elimination of failures and others were considered. Then efficiency of these measures will be analysed. The substantiation of methods of an estimation of damage to an environment is given as a result of failure. For a considered site, a number of recommendations on economic mechanisms of regulation of risk for an environment during transportation of petroleum by pipelines are proposed. The results of account of risk were used for definition of the tariff rate at insurance of the responsibility for causing of harm at operation pipeline. Key words: Risk, Damage, Pipeline, Environment |
