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(231) Use of a quality triad approach and bioassay-directed fractionation techniques to evaluate sediments in southern Germany. Hollert, Henner1, Dürr, Matthias2,6, Karaus, Ute1, Brack, Werner3, Islinger, Markus1, Ahlf, Wolfgang4, Heise, Susanne4, Engwall, Magnus5, Erdinger, Lothar6, Braunbeck, Thomas1, 1 2 6 3 4 5 ABSTRACT- A triad approach was used to evaluate 12 sites in the catchment area of the river Neckar (Germany). Contaminated locations were compared with reference sites. Sediment and water toxicity were determined with a battery of in vitro bioassays: Acute cytotoxicity was investigated using the fibroblast-like cell line RTG-2 (Oncorhynchus mykiss).Moreover, an early life-stage test with Danio rerio and a microbial bioassay with Arthrobacter globiformis were carried out. Mutagenicity, genotoxicity and dioxin-like activity was assessed using the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium, the comet assay with RTG-2 cells and the EROD induction in organ cultures of chicken embryo livers, respectively. Endocrine disrupting potentials of sediment and water extracts were measured with vitellogenin-mRNA expression in primary cultures of rainbow trout hepatocytes in a non-radioactive dot-blot assay. Redox-potential and pH in situ, AOX, TOC as well as the particle size of the sediments were determined. Chemical analyses were done for heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), pesticides and selected endocrine-disrupting substances. Benthic macroinvertebrate diversity and abundance were assessed with family- and species-based bioindices. Moreover, lipophilic extracts of sediment were separated by means of fluid/fluid extraction according to pH, column chromatography and HPLC into different fractions. The fractions were tested for cytotoxicity and mutagenicity as well as dioxin-like effects using EROD-induction in rainbow trout liver (RTL) cell line, in order to allow a closer characterization of the noxious substances. The study was funded by the state of Baden-Wuerttemberg (FZK-BWPLUS) and supported by the DAAD and a personal grant to H. H. by the Scholarship Foundation of the German People. Key words: Sediment Triad Approach, Sediment, Bioassay-directed fractionation, Integrated assessment |
