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(22-18) A new approch using a biomarker pattern in plants exposed to herbicides. Ravn, H.*,1, Løkke, H.1, 1 National Environmental Research Institute, Silkeborg, Denmark ABSTRACT- A new approach for detection of herbicide exposure in plants is presented. The phytochemical pattern (biomarker pattern) represents different groups of compounds, including amino acids, phenolic compounds, lipids and terpens and other non-specific compounds. In plants grown in greenhouse and outdoors, the pattern is detectable before any morphological changes were seen on the exposed plants. Sixteen different plant species, representing nine families, were screened for phytochemical changes in plants exposed to four different herbicides. The phytochemical change in the plants exposed to Roundup Bio (glyphosate) was unique and different from the pattern of compounds present in plants exposed to other types of biotic and abiotic stress. The sensitivity was high. Compounds were present 32 degree days (4 days) in exposed plants as low as 1% of recommended field dose of the herbicide, without visual effect on the exposed plants. A. arvensis, L. perenne, R. crispus, F. convolvulus, R. hirta, P. lanceolata and P. rhoeas were the most sensitive plants. The largest amount of biomarkers was found in plants between 8 to 17 days (119 and 267 degree days) after exposure. This approach is suggested as a new tool for detecting exposure of herbicides in plant material. Key words: plant, biomarkers, herbicide, screening |
