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(45-06) Influence of micromycetes on the 137Cs accumulation by some plants growing on radioactive soil. Zhdanova, Nelli1, Vasilevskaya, Antonina1, Lashko, Tamara2, Gerzabek, Martin*,3, 1 Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Kyiv, Ukraine2 Scientific Center of Institute of Nuclear Research, Kyiv, Ukraine3 University of Agricultural Sciences, Vienna, Austria ABSTRACT- It is traditionally considered that the processes of radionuclides migration in the environment begin from the system radioactive polluted soil and higher plants. However microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) are first link in the trophic chains. Microscopic fungi are constant component of soil biogeocenosis and present there in significant quantities. In conditions of model experiments it was shown that micromycetes able to high absorption of radionuclides and ions of heavy metals and to interaction with hot particles. Establishment of effect of soil biota on the processes of radionuclides migration become especially topical after Chernobyl accident.The effect of micromycetes (melanin-containing Cladosporium cladosporioides and light-pigmented Paecilomyces lilacinus) on accumulation of 137Cs by some higher plants growing on radioactive soil under field conditions was studied by our.The experimental radionuclides polluted field was marked out on the plots which were sowed by seeds of sugar beet, cabbage and clover. The wet fragmented biomass of every fungus or their mixture were inoculated into soil simultaneously with sowing of plants seeds. After inoculation of C. cladosporioides biomass into soil with each of plant the gradual increasing of number of fungal colony was observed from beginning to end of experiment. Reverse dynamics of fungal survival was observed for the inoculation of P.lilacinus biomass. In this case maximal number of colonies was at the beginning of experiment and decreased to its end. After soil inoculation by mixed biomasses of two fungi the interchange of them was observed. This interchange occurred with different plants and at the different terms of soil samples investigation. It was shown that the simultaneous introduction of biomass of both fungi led to an increase of the accumulation coefficients values for 137Cs into overground phytomass of plants. In these conditions the overground biomass of sugar beet accumulated much more 137Cs than its root. Separate introduction of fungal biomass did not increase such coefficients values. The exception was clover grown on the soil enriched by biomass of P.lilacinus when the accumulation coefficients values for 137Cs was much higher than in the control. Key words: 137Cs accumulation, micromycetes, higher plants, radioactive soil |
