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6C - LCA and Economics: Input/Output Analysis (TU2/6) Decision analytic extension of waste input-output based on linear programming. Nakamura, Shinichiro1, Kondo, Yasushi1, 1 Waseda University, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ABSTRACT- Waste input-output (WIO) model is a new tool of hybrid LCA for waste management (Nakamura and Kondo, Journal of Industrial Ecology 6-1, 2003). The WIO like the conventional IO model, however, excludes the possibility of choice of technologies from among possible alternatives, and is unsatisfactory as a tool of decision making. With this background, we propose a decision analytic extension of the WIO model based on the method of linear programming (LP) by allowing for the possibility of choice of technologies from among possible alternatives and of alternative allocations of waste to treatment methods. The resulting model, termed WIO-LP model, can support decision making on waste management that is optimal with regard to a given policy objective and consistent with given physical, economic, and institutional constraints. The WIO-LP model was applied to Japanese data. Two policy objectives were considered; the minimization of landfill consumption and the minimization of the emission of CO2. Alternative sets of technologies were considered with regard to incineration, gasification of organic waste, and the treatment of waste plastics. Constraints specific to the subject are also introduced with regard to the allocation of waste to treatment including the exclusion of incineration for discarded appliances and automobiles. It is found that a proper combination of available technologies can reduce the consumption of landfill volume by 25 % without increasing the emission of CO2. On the other hand, the minimization of CO2 emission can increase the consumption of landfill volume by 7%. There is a sort of trade-off relationship between the volume of landfill consumption and the emission of CO2. Key words: lca, waste management, waste input-output analysis, landfill consumption |
