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1H a/b/c - Pesticides, pharmaceuticals, perfluoroalkylated substances, antibiotics (WEP/26) Monitoring of irgarol and diuron in marinas and open waters of the western Wadden Sea. Lamoree, M1, Swart, C1, Van Velzen, M1, Hopman-Ubbels, G1, Bellert, E2, Van de Ven, C2, 1 IVM Institute for Environmental Studies, Amsterdam, The Netherlands2 RIKZ National Institute for Coastal and Marine Management, Haren, The Netherlands ABSTRACT- As a result of the ban on tributyltin as antifouling for recreational yachting, the use of alternative products containing diuron and irgarol has increased. In the year 2000, a monitoring survey showed elevated levels - above the maximum permissible concentrations - of these compounds in marinas during the boating season (Determination of diuron and the antifouling paint biocide Irgarol 1051 in Dutch marinas and coastal waters, Lamoree et al., J.Chromatogr. A., 970, 183, 2002). In order to assess the water quality with regard to the above mentioned TBT alternatives in the Dutch part of the Wadden Sea, water and sediment samples have been collected in the late summer of 2002 as well as in the fall, after the boating season. For both time periods, the marina of Harlingen showed elevated levels of irgarol in water, with the summer level being higher than the Maximum Permissible Concentration (MPC) of 24 ng/L. In general, antifouling levels in marinas are much higher than those in coastal or open waters. For diuron, the concentration in water ranged from 5-20 ng/L for remote sites, for irgarol from 0.1-1 ng/L. Diuron was found not to exceed the MPC (430 ng/L) on any of the sampling sites. Key words: irgarol, antifouling, analysis, monitoring |
