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1H a/b/c - Pesticides, pharmaceuticals, perfluoroalkylated substances, antibiotics (WEP/31) Biocides in waste water treatment plant: sewage sludge contamination and fate during wastewater treatment. Cloup, Cécile1, Kupper, Thomas1, De Alencastro, Luiz Felippe1, Grandjean, Dominique1, Tarradellas, Joseph1, 1 EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland, Switzerland ABSTRACT- Diuron, irgarol, octhilinone, permethrin, carbendazim, tributyltin and triphenyltin have widespread applications as biocides (disinfectants for public or private area, wood or masonry preservatives, conservator in non-alimentary finished products, disinfectant in veterinary hygiene). Therefore, they may be found in wastewater hence in sewage sludge or effluent As they are highly ecotoxic and were detected in some environmental compartments, their presence in sewage sludge was monitored and their source of contamination was determined. Sewage sludge from 12 wastewater treatment plants was analysed. Our results show that all these biocides occur frequently at trace level (ppb) in sewage sludge except octhilinone. Permethrin and tributyltin amounts are the highest with a mean of 98.1 and 147.8 ppb d.w. respectively. The specific loads per inhabitant and per year have been determined depending on the type of site (separate or combined sewer system, rural or urban catchment?). According to these fluxes, the water runoff can be considered as the main source of permethrin, diuron and carbendazim and in addition, the industry as a complementary source of diuron. In a second part the fate and behaviour of these biocides during the different wastewater treatments have been studied and mass flows have been calculated. Key words: sources, specific loads, sewage sludge |
