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1A - Environmental Analytical Methods (MO8/6) Analysis of endocrine-disrupting compounds in freshwater invertebrates. van Doornmalen, Jacco1, Laufer, Anke1, Weltje, Lennart1, Markert, Bernd1, Oehlmann, Joerg2, 1 International Graduate School (IHI), Zittau, Germany2 J.W. Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany ABSTRACT- Freshwater invertebrates are a target for a range of substances originating from industrial and agricultural activities, as well as municipal and hospital waste-water effluents. Especially those substances that are known for their endocrine disrupting potency need to be examined thoroughly, as their mode of action may be of a subtle nature and effect concentrations are usually in the (sub-)nM range. The analysis of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in freshwater systems has mainly been limited to the aqueous compartment itself. However, additional knowledge about actual concentrations in organisms is needed to explain uptake-effect routes and study, for instance, bio-concentration and metabolism of EDCs. Therefore, several extraction procedures were examined for the analysis of five EDCs (vinclozolin, fenarimol, 4-n-octylphenol, 4-n-nonylphenol, and butylbenzyl phtalate) in spiked amphipod samples (Gammarus sp.) with GC-MS and GC-MS/MS. The analytical procedure was optimised with regard to matrix effects, sample clean-up, extraction efficiency, and costs. Typical detection limits of < 1 nmol/g for GC-MS and < 0.1 nmol/g for GC-MS/MS measurements were obtained. The technique is promising for the analysis of EDCs in freshwater invertebrates and will be used for this purpose in future studies. Key words: freshwater invertebrates, endocrine disrupting compounds, extraction techniques, analysis |
